Method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock
A method and apparatus for conveying a cellulosic feedstock are disclosed. The apparatus, such as a holding tank, has a passage. At the outlet to the passage, a conveyance member is provided to convey the cellulosic feedstock laterally across the outlet. The conveyance member, e.g., at least one screw conveyor, may have a variable pitch along its length. The method comprises passing the cellulosic feedstock through an impregnation chamber to an outlet of the impregnation chamber; passing the cellulosic feedstock from the outlet of the impregnation chamber to an inlet of a holding tank; passing the cellulosic feedstock downwardly through the holding tank; maintaining a generally constant residence time in the holding tank; and subsequently subjecting the cellulosic feedstock to a hydrolysis process.
1. A holding tank apparatus for preparing a cellulosic feedstock, comprising:
(a) at least one sidewall defining a volume having an upper portion and a lower portion;
(b) at least one inlet adjacent the upper portion;
(c) at least a one outlet adjacent the lower portion, at an elevation below the inlet; and,
(d) a plurality of screw conveyors comprising a first pair of screw conveyors and a second pair of screw conveyors for conveying the cellulosic feedstock laterally across the outlet, the first and second pairs of screw conveyors having a variable pitch along their respective lengths, wherein the first pair of screw conveyors convey cellulosic feedstock in a first direction and the second pair of screw conveyors conveys cellulosic feedstock in an opposite direction.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each have a first end and a second end, and the pitch at the first end of each pair of conveyors differs from the pitch at the respective second end.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each comprise a first region having a first range of pitch, and a second region having a second range of pitch.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each further comprising an intermediate region between their respective first and second regions, the intermediate region having a third range of pitch between the first range of pitch and the second range of pitch.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each have a first end and a second end, and the pitch decreases from each first end to the respective second end.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the pitch of the first and second pairs of screw conveyors varies at a constant rate between each first end and the respective second end.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the outlet defines a plurality of portions and the pitch of each of the first and second pairs of screw conveyors varies such that approximate equal portions of feedstock are withdrawn from each portion of the outlet.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pitch of the first pair of screw conveyors at any location along their length is essentially the same and the pitch of the second pair of screw conveyors at any location along their length is essentially the same.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pitch of the first pair of screw conveyors is a mirror image of the pitch of the second pair of screw conveyors.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of screw conveyors extends across all of the outlet.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a heating jacket provided on at least a portion of the apparatus.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the lower portion has a greater cross sectional area then the upper portion.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sidewall comprises a first sidewall and a second sidewall opposed to the first sidewall, the first and second sidewalls diverging relative to each other from the upper portion to the lower portion.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the at least one sidewall comprises a third sidewall and a fourth sidewall opposed to the third sidewall, the third and fourth sidewalls extending between the first and second sidewalls, the third and fourth sidewalls diverging relative to each other from the upper portion to the lower portion.
15. A holding tank apparatus for preparing a cellulosic feedstock, comprising:
(a) at least one sidewall defining a volume having an upper portion and a lower portion;
(b) at least one inlet adjacent the upper portion;
(c) at least a one outlet adjacent the lower portion, at an elevation below the inlet; and,
(d) a plurality of screw conveyors comprising a first pair of screw conveyors and a second pair of screw conveyors for conveying the cellulosic feedstock laterally across the outlet, the first and second pairs of screw conveyors having a variable pitch, at least one of the plurality of screw conveyors conveys cellulosic feedstock in a first direction and at least one of the plurality of screw conveyors conveys cellulosic feedstock in a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are substantially opposite, and wherein the first pair of screw conveyors is rotatable in a first direction of rotation, and the second pair of screw conveyors is rotatable in a direction of rotation opposite the first direction of rotation.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each have a first end and a second end, and the pitch at the first end of each pair of conveyors differs from the pitch at the respective second end.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each comprise a first region having a first range of pitch, and a second region having a second range of pitch.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each further comprising an intermediate region between their respective first and second regions, the intermediate region having a third range of pitch between the first range of pitch and the second range of pitch.
19. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the first and second pairs of screw conveyors each have a first end and a second end, and the pitch decreases from each first end to the respective second end.
20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the pitch of the first and second pairs of screw conveyors varies at a constant rate between each first end and the respective second end.
21. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the outlet defines a plurality of portions and the pitch of each of the first and second pairs of screw conveyors varies such that approximate equal portions of feedstock are withdrawn from each portion of the outlet.
22. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the pitch of the first pair of screw conveyors at any location along their length is essentially the same and the pitch of the second pair of screw conveyors at any location along their length is essentially the same.
23. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the pitch of the first pair of screw conveyors is a mirror image of the pitch of the second pair of screw conveyors.
24. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the plurality of screw conveyors extends across all of the outlet.
25. The apparatus of claim 15 , further comprising a heating jacket provided on at least a portion of the apparatus.
26. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the lower portion has a greater cross sectional area then the upper portion.
27. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the at least one sidewall comprises a first sidewall and a second sidewall opposed to the first sidewall, the first and second sidewalls diverging relative to each other from the upper portion to the lower portion.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein the at least one sidewall comprises a third sidewall and a fourth sidewall opposed to the third sidewall, the third and fourth sidewalls extending between the first and second sidewalls, the third and fourth sidewalls diverging relative to each other from the upper portion to the lower portion.