Process for preparing bioactive protein-enriched whey products
View Patent ↗The present invention involves the discovery that various liquid (whey) streams drained or expelled from cheese curd after salt addition in the preparation of cheese contain enriched levels of bioactive proteins such as lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, immunoglobulins, and growth factors. According to the invention, these proteins may be further enriched through manipulation of the cheese salting process as described herein. The methods of the invention may be used to produce various whey products with enriched levels of all the above bioactive proteins present and, through manipulation of salting conditions, to enrich these proteins selectively.
1. A method for preparing a bioactive protein enriched whey product comprising:
a. removing>90% of the whey from a solution comprising coagulated milk;
b. recovering a curd product from said coagulated milk;
c. contacting the curd product with salt to provide salted curd and at least one liquid salt whey stream enriched with bioactive proteins, wherein the salt comprises up to 10% w/w of curd weight;
d. recovering at least one liquid salt whey stream enriched with bioactive proteins; and
e. concentrating the liquid salt whey stream to provide the bioactive protein enriched whey product;
wherein the bioactive protein enriched whey product comprises about 3 to about 20 times the amount of lactoferrin that is typically present in whey or a whey protein product; up to 40 times the amount of TGF-β1 that is typically found in whey or a whey protein product; and up to 10 times the amount of TGF-β2 that is typically found in whey or a whey protein product.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bioactive protein is concentrated from the curd product following contact with the salt, wherein the salt is present at up to 2% w/w of curd weight.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the salted curd with additional salt, and recovering a second liquid salt whey stream enriched with bioactive proteins.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising modifying the pH of the coagulated milk solution prior to the removal of the whey in step a.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing fat from the recovered liquid salt whey stream enriched with bioactive proteins.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein concentrating the liquid salt whey stream comprises filtration.
7. The method of claim 1 or claim 6 , comprising the additional step of
f. drying the bioactive protein enriched whey product into a powder.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein concentrating the liquid salt whey stream removes salt and lactose from the liquid salt whey stream.