Methods of transporting heavy hydrocarbons
View Patent ↗A method of transporting heavy hydrocarbons can include blending a kerogen oil with a bitumen to form a blended oil sufficient to render the blended oil transportable through an extended pipeline. The blended oil can be substantially free of additional diluents or viscosity modifiers and can be readily pumped through the extended pipeline from a source location to a destination location.
1. A method of transporting heavy hydrocarbons, comprising:
a) blending a kerogen oil with a bitumen to form a blended oil sufficient to render the blended oil transportable through an extended pipeline, said bitumen being non-transportable through the extended pipeline and said kerogen oil having a lower viscosity than the bitumen, said blended oil being substantially free of additional diluents or viscosity modifiers; and
b) pumping the blended oil through the extended pipeline from a source location to a destination location.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the kerogen oil and the bitumen are formed from a hydrocarbonaceous material by a method comprising:
a) forming a constructed permeability control infrastructure which defines a substantially encapsulated volume;
b) introducing a comminuted hydrocarbonaceous material into the control infrastructure to form a permeable body of hydrocarbonaceous material;
c) heating the permeable body sufficient to remove hydrocarbons therefrom such that the hydrocarbonaceous material is substantially stationary during heating; and
d) collecting the removed hydrocarbons.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the control infrastructure is formed in direct contact with walls of an excavated hydrocarbonaceous material deposit and includes side walls which are substantially impermeable.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the step of forming the control infrastructure includes excavating a hydrocarbonaceous deposit using a crane-suspended excavator.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the control infrastructure is free-standing.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mined hydrocarbonaceous material comprises oil shale and the removed hydrocarbons include the kerogen oil.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the kerogen oil has an API from about 30 to about 45 as recovered directly from the permeable body and without the addition of additives within the permeable body or subsequent to removal therefrom.
8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the permeable body has a void space from about 10% to about 40% a total volume of the permeable body.
9. The method of claim 2 , further comprising the step of mining the hydrocarbonaceous material from a remote location distinct from the control infrastructure.
10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step of heating includes injecting heated gases into the control infrastructure such that the permeable body is primarily heated via convection as the heated gases pass throughout the permeable body.
11. The method of claim 2 , wherein the permeable body further comprises a plurality of conduits embedded within the permeable body, at least some of said conduits being configured as heating pipes.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of forming the constructed infrastructure includes orienting at least a portion of the conduits along predetermined pathways prior to embedding the conduits within the permeable body.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the heating conduits are fluidly coupled to a heat source and further comprising circulating a heating fluid in a closed loop through the heating conduits sufficient to prevent substantial mass transfer between the heating fluid and the permeable body.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the step of heating heats the permeable body sufficiently uniformly and within a temperature range sufficient to substantially avoid formation of carbon dioxide or non-hydrocarbon leachates.
15. The method of claim 2 , further comprising introducing a hydrogen donor agent into the permeable body during the step of heating, said hydrogen donor agent being capable of hydrogenation of the hydrocarbons.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of pumping includes a single pass transport of the blended oil to the destination location and the method excludes returning a diluent or other liquid material to the source location.
17. A blended oil made by the process of claim 1 .
18. The blended oil of claim 17 , having an API from about 30 to about 45.
19. The blended oil of claim 17 , comprising from 5% to 95% kerogen oil and substantially a remainder of the blended oil comprising bitumen.