COMPOSITES FOR PACKAGING ARTICLES AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME
A composite structure comprises a fiber-containing layer, such as a layer of paperboard or other layer having fibers from natural and/or synthetic sources, and a mineral-containing layer covering the fiber-containing layer. The mineral-containing layer is substantially continuously bonded to the fiber-containing layer along the surface of the fiber-containing layer and provide a printing surface. The fiber-containing layer and mineral-containing layer can be shaped, sized, and manufactured such that the composite structure formed therefrom is capable of being machined to form a storage article. The composite structure further has tensile strength and other characteristics that allow it to be readily machined into desired storage article forms, such as box, carton, and other forms.
1 . A composite structure by weight containing less than 25% polymers and containing at least 5% natural mineral content, the composite structure comprising:
a fiber-containing layer formed from natural fibers in calipers between around 1.5 mils and 990 mils, the layer being solid or semi-solid and having opposing flat contact surfaces that may or may not require calendaring, wherein the fiber-containing layer has a basis weight of from about 10 to about 128 lbs/1000 sq. ft., and from about 20 to 1500 g/m 2 , and a tensile strength of from about 20 to about 1200 MD and about 25 to about 1500 CD; and
a mineral-containing layer containing an interspersed or non-interspersed polymer bonding agent, comprising a basis weight of about 30 to about 500 lbs/1000 ft 2 , and from about 35 g/m 2 to about 1500 g/m 2 , blended or unblended within the composite, with said mineral containing layer comprising at least 5% by weight of the entire composite structure, a density from about 0.30 g/m 2 to 1.5 g/m 3 , with calipers between 1.3 mil and 50.0 mil, and containing organic minerals;
wherein the mineral-containing layer is substantially and continuously bonded, with our without requiring stretching, across the entire contact surface of the fiber-containing layer.
2 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the fiber-containing layer and the mineral-containing layer are machined, sized, and manufactured such that the composite structure formed therefrom becomes a storage article.
3 . The composite structure according to claim 1 wherein the composite structure further comprises woven and non-woven webbing reinforcement, e.g. “scrim,” as one or more layers.
4 . The composite structure according to claim 1 wherein the composite structure is configured as a corrugated liner or corrugated medium in single or multiple ply corrugated structures.
5 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the composite structure has a pliability that is at least 10% higher than the pliability of the fiber-containing layer alone.
6 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the composite structure has both primary and secondary packaging uses.
7 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the mineral-containing layer is a pliable mineral composite containing a prescribed amount of a thermo-formable bonding agent sufficient so that a storage article containing the mineral-containing layer may be formed into a selected shape via thermo-forming, pressure forming, or vacuum forming.
8 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the mineral composite has been treated to provide a substantial moisture resistance.
9 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the mineral-containing layer and the fiber-containing layer have bio-degradable content.
10 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the mineral-containing layer and the fiber-containing layer have compostable content.
11 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the mineral-containing layer and the fiber-containing layer have photo-degradable content.
12 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the mineral-containing layer and the fiber-containing layer have recycled and recyclable content.
13 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the fiber-containing layer is poly coated.
14 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein one or more surfaces are clay coated.
15 . The composite structure of claim 1 that is static-electricity resistant.
16 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the flash point of the composite structure is higher than predominately fiber structures alone.
17 . The composite structure of claim 1 which is more rodent resistant than predominately fibers structures alone.
18 . The composite structure of claim 1 which is more theft resistant than predominately fiber structures alone.
19 . The composite structure of claim 1 which is more wrinkle resistant than predominately fiber structures alone.
20 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein one or more surfaces are coated with water or solvent based heat seal coatings.
21 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein one or more surfaces have applied embossed foil or metalized film stamping.
22 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein one or more layers are formed into a corrugated shape.
23 . The composite structure of claim 1 formed of materials that require from approximately 10% to 30% less water usage in production than predominately fiber structures alone.
24 . The composite structure of claim 1 which saves from 10% to 30% usage and discharge of formaldehyde and bleaching agents than during the manufacture of predominately fiber structures alone.
25 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the mineral-containing layer comprises a mineral-layer bonding agent selected of at least one of the group consisting of high density polyethylene, bio-polymers, polymers, and poly-lactic acids.
26 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the fiber-containing layer comprises at least one of the group consisting of bleached Kraft board, unbleached Kraft board, recycled folding boxboard, folding box board, coated recycled board, and uncoated recycled board.
27 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the fiber containing layer comprises a basis weight of from about 40 to about 175 lbs/1000 sq. ft., and from about 216 to about 1000 g/m 2 , a thickness of from about 4.0 mils to about 45 mils, and a tensile strength of from about 75 to about 1200 MD and about 25 to about 900 CD.
28 . The composite structure of claim 1 comprising a basis weight of from about 198 to about 525 lbs/1000 sq. ft., and from about 648 to about 2640 g/m 2 , a thickness of from about 45 mils to about 80 mils, and a tensile strength of from about 375 to about 2700 MD and about 648 to about 2640 CD.
29 . The composite structure of claim 1 , formed by the process of:
milling the fiber-containing layer;
extruding the mineral-containing layer; and
bonding the mineral-containing layer to the fiber-containing layer, by performing either:
a hot application process comprising bonding the layers with an adhesive having a viscosity of from about 660 cP to about 1,480 cP at a temperature of from about 300° F. to about 385° F.;
a cold application process comprising bonding the layers with an adhesive having a viscosity of from about 1,000 cP to about 2,100 cP at a temperature of from about 27.5° C. to about 30° C.;
applying an adhesive containing urethane;
applying curable adhesives such as phenol-type, epoxy type, acrylic type;
applying an adhesive combination of polyester polyol or acrylated polypol and a polyiscoyanate; or
performing in-line extrusion-lamination, using said adhesives, among others, as provided above;
whereby the composite structure is capable of being machined to form a storage article.
30 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the structure is formed into a pallet sheet, slip sheet, or tier sheet.
31 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the structure is formed into a retail display or box.
32 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the structure is formed into a shipping envelope.
33 . The composite structure of claim 1 wherein the structure is formed into a corrugated configuration.
34 . The composite structure of claim 1 , which is formed by the process of:
milling the fiber-containing layer;
extruding the mineral-containing layer; and
bonding the mineral-containing layer to the fiber-containing layer, by performing either:
a hot application process comprising bonding the layers with an adhesive having a viscosity of from about 660 cP to about 1,480 cP at a temperature of from about 300° F. to about 385° F.;
a cold application process comprising bonding the layers with an adhesive having a viscosity of from about 1,000 cP to about 2,100 cP at a temperature of from about 27.5° C. to about 30° C.;
applying adhesive layers containing urethane;
applying curable adhesives such as phenol-type, epoxy type, acrylic type;
applying an adhesive combination of polyester polyol or acrylated polypol and a polyiscoyanate; or
performing in-line extrusion-lamination, using said adhesives, among others as above;
whereby the composite structure is capable of being shaped to form a storage article.
35 . A composite structure by weight containing less than 25% polymers and containing at least 5% natural mineral content, the composite structure comprising:
a fiber-containing layer formed from natural fibers in calipers between around 1.5 mils and 990 mils, the layer being solid or semi-solid and having opposing flat contact surfaces that may or may not require calendaring, wherein the fiber-containing layer has a basis weight of from about 10 to about 128 lbs/1000 sq. ft., and from about 20 to 1500 g/m 2 , and a tensile strength of from about 20 to about 1200 MD and about 25 to about 1500 CD; and
a mineral-containing layer containing an interspersed or non-interspersed polymer bonding agent, comprising a basis weight of about 30 to about 500 lbs/1000 ft 2 , and from about g/m 2 to about 1500 g/m 2 , blended or unblended within the composite, with said mineral containing layer comprising at least 5% by weight of the entire composite structure, a density from about 0.30 g/m 2 to 1.5 g/m 3 , with calipers between 1.3 mil and 50.0 mil, and containing organic minerals;
wherein the mineral-containing layer is substantially and continuously bonded, with our without requiring stretching, across the entire contact surface of the fiber-containing layer, wherein the composite structure has a pliability that is at least 10% higher than the pliability of the fiber-containing layer alone, and wherein the flash point of the composite structure is higher than predominately fiber structures alone.