Compounds With a Branched Linker
Disclosed herein are branched linkers of the formula: Z n -Y-X m Wherein X, Y, Z, m, and n are as defined herein. The branched linkers are useful for producing conjugates that are used in diagnostic or therapeutic methods. Methods of producing the branched linkers are also described.
1 . A method for preparing conjugates of the general formula (I):
Zn-Y-Xm (I)
in which Z denotes at least one reactive functional group or a binding group and X is a reactive functional group which is bound covalently to Z via a linker Y wherein the linker is a branched linker which has a molecular weight of >1000 Da and contains at least one charge carrier, n is an integer from 1 to 10 and m is 1 or 2, for the production of conjugates.
2 . A method for preparing conjugates of the general formula (I):
Zn-Y-Xm (I)
in which Z denotes at least one reactive functional group or a binding group and X is a reactive functional group which is bound covalently to Z via a linker Y wherein the linker is a branched linker which has a molecular weight of >1000 Da and contains at least one charge carrier and at least one hydrophilic group, n is an integer from 1 to 10 and m is 1 or 2, for the production of conjugates.
3 . A method according to either claim 1 or 2 , wherein the binding group is a labeling group or an effector group.
4 . A method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the binding group is a labeling group selected from luminescent and fluorescent detection groups, enzymes, microparticles or nanoparticles and radio-isotopes.
5 . A method according to claim 4 , wherein the labeling group is metal chelate complex and the compound is of the general formula (II):
[M(L1L2L3)]n-Y-XmA (II)
in which
M is a divalent or trivalent metal cation selected from rare earth or transition metal ions,
L1, L2 and L3 are the same or different and denote ligands containing at least two nitrogen-containing heterocycles, L1, L2 and L3 being bound to the metal caption via nitrogen atoms,
X is a reactive functional group which is covalently bound to at least one of the ligands L1, L2 and L3 via the branched linker Y,
n is an integer from 1 to 10,
m is 1 or 2 and
A denotes the counterion which may be required to equalize the charge.
6 . A method according to claim 5 , wherein the binding group is an effector group selected from partners of specific bioaffine binding pairs.
7 . A method according to claim 6 , wherein the effector group is selected from biotin and analogues thereof, streptavidin, avidin, antigens, haptens, antibodies, nucleic acids, nucleic acid analogues, sugars, lectins, receptors and receptor ligands.
8 . A method according to claim 7 , wherein the reactive functional group is a carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid halogenide, a carboxylic acid anhydride, a carboxylic acid hydrazide, a carboxylic acid azide, an amine, an active ester, a maleimide, a thiol or a photoactivatable group.
9 . A method according to claim 8 , wherein the branched linker contains at least one negative charge carrier selected from the group consisting of phosphate, phosphonate, sulphinate, sulphonate, sulphate and carboxylate groups.
10 . A method according to claim 9 , wherein the branched linker contains at least one carboxylate group or/and phosphate group.
11 . A method according to claim 9 , wherein the branched linker contains at least one positive charge carrier selected from amino groups and substituted amino groups.
12 . A method according to claim 9 , wherein the branched linker contains up to 70 charge carriers.
13 . A method according to claim 12 , wherein the branched linker contains 1 to 40 charge carriers.
14 . A method according to claim 9 , wherein the branched linker contains at least one uncharged hydrophilic group selected from ethylene oxide, polyethylene oxide, sulphoxide, sulphone, carboxylic acid amide, carboxylic acid ester, phosphonic acid amide, phosphonic acid ester, phosphoric acid amide, phosphoric amide ester, sulphonic acid amide, sulphonic acid ester, sulphuric acid amide and sulphuric acid ester groups.
15 . A method according to claim 14 , wherein at least one uncharged hydrophilic group is a primary carboxylic acid amide group.
16 . A method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the molecular weight of the linker is in the range from 1000 to 50,000 Da.
17 . A method according to claim 16 , wherein the branched linker is at least partially composed of aminocarboxylic acid units which are linked together by peptide bonds.
18 . A method according to claim 17 , wherein the charge carriers are derived from polyfunctional aminocarboxylic acids which still contain at least one free charge carrier after incorporation into the linker.
19 . A method according to claim 17 , wherein the hydrophilic groups are derived from polyfunctional aminocarboxylic acids which still contain at least one hydrophilic group after incorporation into the linker.
20 . A method according to claim 17 , wherein the branching positions are derived from polyfunctional aminocarboxylic acids.
21 . A method according to claim 20 , wherein the polyfunctional aminocarboxylic acids are selected from lysine, ornithine, hyroxylysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, asparagine, glutamine, phosphoserine and synthetic trifunctional aminocarboxylic acids.
22 - 30 . (canceled)