Polymerizable liquid crystal compound, composition and polymer

1. A compound represented by formula (1):

wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, pyridin-2,5-diyl, pyridazin-3,6-diyl, pyrimidin-2,5-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1,4-diyl, naphthalen-2,6-diyl, tetrahydronaphthalen-2,6-diyl, fluoren-2,7-diyl or 1,3-dioxan-2,5-diyl, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, CF 2 CF 2 , —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —C≡C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 —, —OCF 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —C≡CCOO— or —OCOC≡C—; m represents an integer of from 0 to 3, and when m is 2 or 3, plural groups represented by A may be the same as or different from each other, and plural groups represented by Z may be the same as or different from each other; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CH═CH—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O—, —COO— or —OCOO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; R represents a sterol moiety derived from vegetable organisms; P represents one of polymerizable groups represented by formulae (P1) to (P8); and W represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —C≡CCOO— or —OCOC≡O—; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CH═CH—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O—, —COO— or —OCOO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; P represents one of groups represented by formulae (P1), (P6), (P7) and (P8); and R represents one of groups represented by formulae (Ory1) to (Ory6):

wherein Me represents methyl.

3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —C≡CCOO— or —OCOC≡C—; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CH═CH—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O—, —COO— or —OCOO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; P represents one of groups represented by formulae (P3), (P4) and (P5); and R represents one of groups represented by formulae (Ory1) to (Ory6).

4. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or trifluoromethyl; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO— or —OCOCH═CH—; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O— or —COO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —COO— or —OCO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; P represents one of groups represented by formulae (P1), (P3) and (P5); W represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl; and R represents one of groups represented by formulae (Ory1) to (Ory6).

5. A compound represented by formula (1-m):

wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, pyridin-2,5-diyl, pyridazin-3,6-diyl, pyrimidin-2,5-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1,4-diyl, naphthalen-2,6-diyl, tetrahydronaphthalen-2,6-diyl, fluoren-2,7-diyl or 1,3-dioxan-2,5-diyl, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 —, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —C≡C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —C≡CCOO— or —OCOC≡C—; m represents an integer of from 0 to 3, and when m is 2 or 3, plural groups represented by A may be the same as or different from each other, and plural groups represented by Z may be the same as or different from each other; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CH═CH—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O—, —COO— or —OCOO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; R m represents a sterol moiety derived from γ-oryzanol; and P represents one of polymerizable groups represented by formulae (P1) to (P8):

wherein W represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

6. The compound according to claim 5 , wherein the compound is obtained by reacting a compound represented by formula (1-LC) and γ-oryzanol represented by (1-Ory):

wherein, in formula (1-LC), A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, pyridin-2,5-diyl, pyridazin-3,6-diyl, pyrimidin-2,5-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1,4-diyl, naphthalen-2,6-diyl, tetrahydronaphthalen-2,6-diyl, fluoren-2,7-diyl or 1,3-dioxan-2,5-diyl, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 —, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —C≡C—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —C≡CCOO— or —OCOC≡C—; m represents an integer of from 0 to 3, and when m is 2 or 3, plural groups represented by A may be the same as or different from each other, and plural groups represented by Z may be the same as or different from each other; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CH═CH—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Y represents —OH, —COOH, —COCl or —OCOOH; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; and P represents one of polymerizable groups represented by formulae (P1) to (P8):

wherein W represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R m in the formula (1-Ory) represents a sterol moiety derived from γ-oryzanol.

7. The compound according to claim 5 , wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —C≡CCOO— or —OCOC≡C—; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CH═CH—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O—, —COO— or —OCOO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; and P represents one of groups represented by formulae (P1), (P6), (P7) and (P8).

8. The compound according to claim 5 , wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —C≡CCOO— or —OCOC≡C—; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CH═CH—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O—, —COO— or —OCOO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; and P represents one of groups represented by formulae (P3), (P4) and (P5).

9. The compound according to claim 5 , wherein A represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or trifluoromethyl; Z represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —CH 2 CH 2 COO—, —OCOCH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CHCOO— or —OCOCH═CH—; X 0 represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; Z 0 represents —O— or —COO—; X represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —COO— or —OCO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine; P represents one of polymerizable groups represented by formulae (P1), (P3) and (P5); and W represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl.

10. The compound according to claim 9 , wherein Z 0 represents —COO—; and X represents alkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be —O—, but two groups of —CH 2 — adjacent to each other are not replaced by —O—.

11. A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one of the compound according to claim 5 , and comprising at least two compounds.

12. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 11 , wherein all the compounds constituting the liquid crystal composition are each a polymerizable liquid crystal compound.

13. A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one of the compounds according to claim 5 , and at least one polymerizable compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (M1) and compounds represented by formula (M2), all the compounds constituting the liquid crystal composition are each a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, the compound according to claim 5 is contained in an amount of from 0.1 to 99.9% by weight based on the total amount of the composition, and the at least one polymerizable compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula (M1) and the compounds represented by formula (M2) is contained in an amount of from 0.1 to 99.9% by weight based on the total amount of the composition:

wherein P 1 independently represents one of polymerizable groups represented by formulae (P9) to (P12); W represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or fluoroalkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R 1 represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, —CN or alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkyl, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by halogen; A 0 and A 1 each independently represents 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, pyridin-2,5-diyl, pyrimidin-2,5-diyl, naphthalen-2,6-diyl or fluoren-2,7-diyl, and arbitrary hydrogen of the rings may be replaced by halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or halogenated alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; X 1 independently represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—; Z 1 independently represents a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO—, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH═CHCOO— or —OCOCH═CH—; and s represents an integer of from 1 to 3, and when s is 2 or 3, plural groups represented by A 1 may be the same as or different from each other, and plural groups represented by Z 1 may be the same as or different from each other.

14. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 13 , wherein the polymerizable compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formulae (M1) and (M2) are compounds represented by formulae (M1a), (M1b), (M1c), (M2a), (M2b) and (M2c):

wherein P 1 represents one of polymerizable groups represented by formulae (P9) to (P12); R 1 represents hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, —CN or alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkyl, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by halogen; ring A 2 independently represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; W 1 independently represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or halogenated alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; X 1 independently represents a single bond or alkylene having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and in the alkylene, arbitrary —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—; p and q each independently represents 0 or 1; and n independently represents an integer of from 0 to 5.

15. A polymer being obtained by polymerizing at least one of the compound according to claim 5 .

16. A polymer being obtained by polymerizing the composition according to claim 11 .

17. A molded article having optical anisotropy being obtained by orienting at least one compound according to claim 5 or a liquid crystal composition comprising at least two compounds at least one of which is a compound according to claim 5 applied on a substrate, polymerizing the compound or the composition by irradiating with an electromagnetic wave, and thereby immobilizing molecular orientation in a liquid crystal phase.

18. The molded article according to claim 17 , wherein the molecular orientation having been immobilized is twist orientation.

19. An optical device comprising the molded article according to claim 17 .

20. The optical device according to claim 19 , wherein the optical device exhibits selective reflection.

21. The optical device according to claim 20 , wherein the optical device exhibits circularly polarized light dichroic property for light in a part or the whole region of a wavelength of from 350 to 750 nm.

22. The optical device according to claim 20 , wherein the optical device exhibits circularly polarized light dichroic property in an ultraviolet region of a wavelength of from 100 to 350 nm.

23. A liquid crystal display device comprising the compound according to claim 5 .

24. A liquid crystal display device comprising the molded article according to claim 17 .

25. A liquid crystal display device comprising the optical device according to claim 19 .

26. A film comprising the polymer according to claim 15 .

27. A liquid crystal display device comprising the composition according to claim 11 .

28. A liquid crystal display device comprising the polymer according to claim 15 .

29. A liquid crystal display device comprising the molded article according to claim 16 .

30. A film comprising the polymer according to claim 16 .