IP Library › Granted Patent US 8,276,383
Granted Patent B2
US 8,276,383 · App. 12/406,187 · Granted Oct 2, 2012

Power generator using an organic rankine cycle drive with refrigerant mixtures and low waste heat exhaust as a heat source

Assignee: Acme Energy, Inc.
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 8,276,383
App. No.
12/406,187
Granted
Oct 2, 2012
Kind
B2
Abstract

A Rankine cycle system uses as a refrigerant one of several quaternary organic heat exchange fluid mixtures which provide substantially improved efficiency and are environmentally sound, typically containing no chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) or hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). The system includes a closed circuit in which the refrigerant is used to drive a turbine, which may be used to drive an electric generator or for other suitable purposes.

Claims (32)

1. A system comprising:

a Rankine cycle closed circuit;

a turbine within the closed circuit; and

a refrigerant within the closed circuit configured for driving the turbine; wherein the refrigerant is one of a group of nine quaternary organic heat exchange fluid mixtures each having respective first, second, third and fourth components, the group consisting of:

(a) by weight, 1 to 60% HFC245ca, 1 to 69% HFC236ea, 20 to 88% HFC125 and 10 to 78% HFC152a;

(b) by weight, 1 to 85% HFC236ea, 1 to 85% HFC134a, 13 to 97% HFC125 and 1 to 85% HFC152a;

(c) by weight, 1 to 85% HFC245ca, 1 to 85% HFC134a, 13 to 97% HFC125 and 1 to 85% HFC152a;

(d) by weight, 1 to 20% HFC236ea, 1 to 10% HFC245ca, 1 to 10% HFC365mfc and 60 to 97% HFC152a;

(e) by weight, 1 to 25% HFC236ea, 1 to 25% HFC245ca, 20 to 97% HFC125 and 1 to 30% HFC365mfc;

(f) by weight, 1 to 15% HFC245ca, 1 to 15% HFC236ea, 55 to 97% HFC134a and 1 to 15% HFC365mfc;

(g) by weight, 1 to 83% HFC245fa, 2 to 84% HFC236fa, 13 to 95% HFC125 and 2 to 84% HFC134a;

(h) by weight, 1 to 76% HFC236fa, 13 to 88% HFC134a, 7 to 82% HFC125 and 4 to 79% HFC152a; and

(i) by weight, 1 to 76% HFC245fa, 10 to 85% HFC134a, 10 to 85% HFC125 and 4 to 79% HFC152a.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is one of (a), (b), (c), (g) and (h) and comprises by weight about 2 to 35% of its second component.

3. The system of claim 2 wherein the refrigerant is one of (b), (c) and (q) and comprises by weight about 2 to 35% of its fourth component.

4. The system of claim 2 wherein the refrigerant is one of (a), (b), (c), (g) and (h) and comprises by weight about 2 to 25% of its second component.

5. The system of claim 3 wherein the refrigerant is one of (b), (c) and (g) and comprises by weight about 2 to 25% of its fourth component.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is one of (a), (b), (c), (e), (g), (h) and (i) and comprises by weight no more than about 25% HFC125.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein the refrigerant comprises by weight no more than about 20% HFC125.

8. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is one of (a), (b), (c), (h) and (i) and comprises by weight no more than about 15% HFC152a.

9. The system of claim 8 wherein the refrigerant comprises by weight no more than about 10% HFC152a.

10. The system of claim 8 wherein the refrigerant comprises by weight no more than about 25% HFC125.

11. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is one of (g), (h) and (i) and comprises by weight no more than about 25% HFC125.

12. The system of claim 11 wherein the refrigerant comprises by weight no more than about 20% HFC125.

13. The system of claim 11 wherein the refrigerant is one of (h) and (i) and comprises by weight no more than about 15% HFC152a.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein the refrigerant comprises by weight no more than about 10% HFC152a.

15. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is (g) and comprises by weight about 60 to 81% HFC245fa, 2 to 15% HFC236fa, 13 to 25% HFC125 and 2 to 25% HFC134a.

16. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is (h) and comprises by weight about 60 to 76% HFC236fa, 2 to 25% HFC134a, 7 to 25% HFC125 and 4 to 15% HFC152a.

17. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is (i) and comprises by weight about 55 to 76% HFC245fa, 10 to 30% HFC134a, 10 to 25% HFC125 and 4 to 15% HFC152a.

18. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is (g) and comprises by weight about 35 to 45% HFC245fa, 35 to 45% HFC236fa, 13 to 20% HFC125 and 2 to 20% HFC134a.

19. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is (h) and comprises by weight about 35 to 45% HFC236fa, 35 to 45% HFC134a, 7 to 20% HFC125 and 4 to 15% HFC152a.

20. The system of claim 1 wherein the refrigerant is (i) and comprises by weight about 35 to 45% HFC245fa, 35 to 45% HFC134a, 10 to 20% HFC125 and 4 to 15% HFC152a.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Mar 18, 2009
From: SAMI, SAMUEL M.
To: ACME ENERGY, INC.
Reel/Frame 022411/0858 →
Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 61200186 · Nov 15, 2008
Related Publication 20100126172A1 · May 27, 2010