Process for adding an organic compound to coolant water in a pressurized water reactor
View Patent ↗The present invention relates generally to a process for a pressurized water reactor. The pressurized water reactor includes a primary circuit and a reactor core. The process includes adding a sufficient amount of an organic compound to coolant water passing through the primary circuit of the pressurized water reactor. The organic compound includes elements of carbon and hydrogen for producing elemental carbon.
1. A process for introducing a reactor coolant additive in a pressurized water reactor having a primary circuit, a reactor core and reactor coolant water passing through the primary circuit, to produce elemental carbon, comprising:
adding a sufficient amount of the reactor coolant additive to the reactor coolant water passing through the primary circuit of the pressurized water reactor, the reactor coolant additive being an organic compound selected from the group consisting of:
elements of carbon and hydrogen,
elements of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen,
elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and
elements of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen,
wherein said reactor coolant water excludes the presence of inorganic compounds with the exception of a sufficient amount of boric acid to control reactivity, hydrogen to provide reducing conditions, an additive to maintain pH in a target control band and trace elements naturally occurring in water.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the equivalent elemental carbon addition rate is maintained in a range of from about 1 mg/hour to about 10 g/hour.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reactor coolant water is in a reactor coolant system of a nuclear reactor.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic compound is selected from the group consisting of organic acids, alcohols, amines, aldehydes, ketones, and mixtures thereof.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic compound is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, ethylamine, ethanolamine, and mixtures thereof.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic compound is substantially soluble.
7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising producing corrosion product deposits in the reactor core comprising elemental carbon in a range of from about 15 to about 20 percent by weight of the deposits.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein a radiation level in the reactor core is up to about 4000 Mrad/hour from gamma and neutrons.
9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining a hydrogen concentration in the reactor core of greater than 0 cc/kg.
10. The process of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining a hydrogen concentration in the reactor core of from about 25 to about 50 cc/kg.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein adding the organic compound is on a continuous basis.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein adding the organic compound is on a batch basis.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic compound is in a high purity form consistent with standard nuclear industry practice of limiting impurities to as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) for any additive to the coolant water of the pressurized water reactor.
14. The process of claim 1 , further comprising producing corrosion product deposits in the reactor core wherein the elemental carbon is produced in an amount effective to change at least one of the morphology, deposition pattern, residence time, and carbon content of crud deposits in the reactor core as a result of adding the organic compound.
15. The process of claim 1 , further comprising producing corrosion product deposits in the reactor core wherein the elemental carbon is produced in an amount effective to inhibit at least one of crud induced power shift, crud induced localized corrosion, cladding corrosion in the reactor core, and fuel failures as a result of adding the organic compound.
16. A process for introducing a coolant water additive to produce elemental carbon in a nuclear reactor having a primary circuit, comprising:
adding a sufficient amount of the coolant water additive to coolant water passing through the primary circuit of the nuclear reactor, the coolant water additive being an organic compound selected from the group consisting of:
elements of carbon and hydrogen,
elements of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen,
elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and
elements of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen,
wherein said reactor coolant water excludes the presence of inorganic compounds with the exception of a sufficient amount of boric acid to control reactivity, hydrogen to provide reducing conditions, an additive to maintain pH in a target control band and trace elements naturally occurring in water.
17. The process of claim 16 , wherein the equivalent elemental carbon addition rate is maintained in a range of from about 1 mg/hour to about 10 g/hour.
18. The process of claim 16 , wherein the nuclear reactor is a pressurized water nuclear reactor.