Spring and spring processing method
A method for residual stress enhancement for a coil spring includes radially expanding at least a select axial portion of the coil spring to remove residual tensile stress from the spring inner diameter and induce residual compressive stress in the spring inner diameter. The spring is expanded by radial force on the inner diameter and/or by a helical unwinding force induced by rotating at least one end of the spring relative to the other end of the spring. A tool includes a spring expansion portion and, optionally, a diameter control portion. Cylindrical, conical and/or beehive springs are processed to enhance residual stress.
1. A residual stress enhancement method for a coil spring, said method comprising:
radially expanding a coil spring, said coil spring including an inner diameter portion exhibiting residual tensile stress and an outer diameter portion, said step of radially expanding said coil spring comprising using an expansion force such that said outer diameter portion is expanded radially from an initial size to an expanded size; and,
removing the expansion force from the spring such that the spring relaxes and becomes a processed spring comprising said inner diameter portion and said outer diameter portion, wherein said outer diameter portion of said processed spring defines a final size that is dimensioned between said initial size and said expanded size and said inner diameter portion of the processed spring comprises residual compressive stress.
2. The residual stress enhancement method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said expansion force comprises a rotational force applied to at least one of first and second ends of the coil spring.
3. The residual stress enhancement method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said expansion force comprises a radial force imposed on said inner diameter portion of the coil spring.
4. The residual stress enhancement method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said method further comprises:
before said step of radially expanding said coil spring, positioning the coil spring in an expansion apparatus that comprises a structure for limiting the radial expansion of said coil spring by contact with said outer diameter portion of said spring.