Fine grain timing
A dual rail delay chain having cross-coupled inverters that interconnect the two rails. Delay chain embodiments include cross-coupled inverters that are part of a feed forward signal path between the two rails and are of a larger size than inverters associated with the two rails. The large size feed forward cross-coupled inverters contribute to an enhanced resolution of the delay chain.
1. A delay chain, comprising:
a data delay rail having a plurality of interconnected stages, each stage including an inverter of a first size;
a data complement delay rail having a plurality of interconnected stages, each stage including an inverter of the first size; and
a plurality of cross-coupled inverter pairs interconnecting the data delay rail and the data complement delay rail, each cross-coupled inverter pair comprising a first inverter and a second inverter, each of a second size;
wherein each first inverter includes an input connected to a data stage in the data delay rail and an output connected to a stage in the data complement delay rail that is forward of the data stage;
wherein each second inverter includes an input connected to a data complement stage in the data complement delay rail and an output connected to a stage in the data delay rail that is forward of the data complement stage;
wherein the inverters of the second size are larger than the inverters of the first size.
2. The delay chain of claim 1 , wherein:
for each first inverter, the stage in the data complement delay rail is forward of the stage in the data delay rail by two stages; and
for each second inverter, the stage in the data delay rail is forward of the stage in the data complement delay by two stages.
3. The delay chain of claim 1 , wherein:
for each first inverter, the stage in the data complement delay rail is forward of the stage in the data delay rail by four stages; and
for each second inverter, the stage in the data delay rail is forward of the stage in the data complement delay by four stages.
4. The delay chain of claim 1 , wherein:
for each first inverter, the stage in the data complement delay rail is forward of the stage in the data delay rail by eight stages; and
for each second inverter, the stage in the data delay rail is forward of the stage in the data complement delay by eight stages.
5. The delay chain of claim 1 , wherein the inverters of the second size are at least ten times larger than the inverters of the first size.
6. The delay chain of claim 1 , wherein the inverters of the second size are between twenty-two and forty-two times larger than the inverters of the first size.
7. The delay chain of claim 1 , wherein the inverters of the second size are thirty-two times larger than the inverters of the first size.
8. The delay chain of claim 1 , further comprising:
a plurality of dual-sided outputs, each dual-sided output including a data line and a data complement line, wherein the data line is connected to a corresponding stage in the data delay rail, and the data complement line is connected to a corresponding stage in the data complement delay rail.
9. The delay chain of claim 8 , wherein a sub-fan-out one stage delay exists between successive dual-sided outputs.
10. A method of propagating a signal in a delay chain, comprising:
receiving a data signal and a data complement signal;
providing the data signal to a data delay rail having inverters of a first size;
providing the data complement signal to a data complement delay rail having inverters of the first size;
at each stage of the data delay rail, feeding forward the data signal through an inverter of a second size to the data complement delay rail; and
at each stage of the data complement delay rail, feeding forward the data complement signal through an inverter of the second size to the data delay rail.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein:
at each stage of the data delay rail, the data signal is fed forward two stages to the data complement delay rail; and
at each stage of the data complement delay rail, the data complement signal is fed forward two stages to the data delay rail.
12. The method chain of claim 10 , wherein:
at each stage of the data delay rail, the data signal is fed forward four stages to the data complement delay rail; and
at each stage of the data complement delay rail, the data complement signal is fed forward four stages to the data delay rail.
13. The method claim 10 , wherein:
at each stage of the data delay rail, the data signal is fed forward eight stages to the data complement delay rail; and
at each stage of the data complement delay rail, the data complement signal is fed forward eight stages to the data delay rail.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the inverters of the second size are at least ten times larger than the inverters of the first size.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the inverters of the second size are between twenty-two and forty-two times larger than the inverters of the first size.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the inverters of the second size are thirty-two times larger than the inverters of the first size.
17. A delay chain, comprising:
means for propagating a data signal through a first plurality of stages;
means for propagating a data complement signal through a second plurality of stages;
means for feeding forward the data signal from each stage in the means for propagating a data signal two stages to the means for propagating a data compliment signal; and
means for feeding forward the data complement signal from each stage in the means for propagating a data complement two stages to the means for propagating a data signal.
18. The delay chain of claim 17 , further comprising:
a plurality of dual-sided outputs, each dual-sided output including a data line and a data complement line, wherein the data line is connected to a corresponding stage in the means for propagating a data complement signal, and the data complement line is connected to a corresponding stage in the means for propagating a data complement signal.
19. The delay chain of claim 18 , wherein a sub-fan-out one stage delay exists between successive dual-sided outputs.