Dovetail spoke internal permanent magnet machine
View Patent ↗An internal permanent magnet (IPM) machine is provided. The IPM machine includes a stator assembly and a stator core. The stator core also includes multiple stator teeth. The stator assembly is further configured with stator windings to generate a stator magnetic field when excited with alternating currents and extends along a longitudinal axis with an inner surface defining a cavity. The IPM machine also includes a rotor assembly and a rotor core. The rotor core is disposed inside the cavity and configured to rotate about the longitudinal axis. The rotor assembly further includes a shaft. The shaft further includes multiple protrusions alternately arranged relative to multiple bottom structures provided on the shaft. The rotor assembly also includes multiple stacks of laminations disposed on the protrusions and dovetailed circumferentially around the shaft. The rotor assembly further includes multiple pair of permanent magnets for generating a magnetic field, which magnetic field interacts with the stator magnetic field to produce a torque. The multiple pair of permanent magnets are disposed between the stacks. The rotor assembly also includes multiple middle wedges mounted between each pair of the multiple permanent magnets.
1. An internal permanent magnet machine comprising:
a stator assembly comprising a stator core, the stator core comprising a plurality of stator teeth, the stator assembly is further configured with stator windings to generate a stator magnetic field when excited with alternating currents and extends along a longitudinal axis with an inner surface defining a cavity; and
a rotor assembly comprising a rotor core, the rotor assembly disposed inside said cavity and configured to rotate about the longitudinal axis, wherein the rotor assembly comprises:
a shaft comprising a plurality of protrusions alternately arranged relative to a plurality of bottom structures;
a plurality of stacks of laminations, the stacks disposed on the protrusions and dovetailed circumferentially around the shaft;
a plurality of a pair of permanent magnets for generating a magnetic field, which magnetic field interacts with the stator magnetic field to produce a torque;
each pair of permanent magnets disposed between the stacks of laminations; and
a plurality of middle wedges mounted between each pair of permanent magnets; wherein the plurality of stacks of laminations, the pair of permanent magnets, and the plurality of middle wedges extend along an entire axial length of the shaft.
2. The machine according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of top wedges mounted on the plurality of permanent magnets for containing the plurality of permanent magnets.
3. The machine according to claim 2 , wherein the plurality of top wedges comprise non-metallic wedges.
4. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of middle wedges comprise non-metallic wedges.
5. The machine according to claim 2 , wherein the laminations comprises lip-shaped features configured to be seated partially on the top wedges.
6. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom structures of the shaft are configured to prevent splaying of the plurality of the stacks of laminations.
7. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom structures are configured to reduce mechanical stress generated in the magnets and stacks of laminations.
8. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom structures are configured to reduce eddy current losses in the rotor assembly.
9. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom structures are configured to provide a passage for a cooling fluid.
10. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of protrusions and the plurality of stacks of rotor laminations are configured to provide a passage for a cooling fluid.
11. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling fluid comprises ambient air or a coolant.
12. The machine according to claim 1 , further comprising a stationary tube within the shaft, wherein the passage inside the tube provides for in flow of a coolant.
13. The machine according to claim 12 , wherein the passage between the shaft and the tube provides for out flow of the coolant.
14. A method for assembling an internal permanent magnet machine, the method comprising:
providing a stator assembly comprising a stator core, the stator core comprising a plurality of stator teeth, the stator assembly is further configured with stator windings to generate a stator magnetic field when excited with alternating currents and extending along a longitudinal axis with an inner surface defining a cavity; and
providing a rotor assembly comprising a rotor core, the rotor assembly disposed inside said cavity and configured to rotate about the longitudinal axis, wherein the rotor assembly comprises:
a shaft comprising a plurality of protrusions alternately arranged relative to a plurality of bottom structures;
a plurality of stacks of laminations, the stacks disposed on the protrusions and dovetailed circumferentially around the shaft;
a plurality of a pair of permanent magnets for generating a magnetic field, which magnetic field interacts with the stator magnetic field to produce a torque;
each pair of permanent magnets disposed between the stacks of rotor laminations;
a plurality of middle wedges mounted between each of the pair of permanent magnets; wherein the plurality of stacks of laminations, the pair of permanent magnets, and the plurality of middle wedges extend along an entire axial length of the shaft; and
a plurality of top wedges mounted on the plurality of permanent magnets for containing the plurality of permanent magnets.