Directional use
Disclosed is a method for oral administration of a liquid containing an active substance to a subject for improved absorption into the subject's bloodstream. It includes the steps of providing a delivery device containing the liquid and having a mouthpiece for directing the liquid in a defined direction during delivery; directing the mouthpiece toward a localized area of the subject's mouth being especially suitable for relatively increased uptake and relatively faster onset of action of the active substance; and delivering a measured amount of the liquid directly to the area using the device. Also disclosed is a spray device that includes a container capable of holding a liquid containing an active substance, and a mouthpiece constructed to dispense the liquid in a defined direction and directly to a localized area of a subject's mouth, the localized area being the oral vestibule.
1. A method for oral administration of a liquid containing a nicotine-alkaloid to a subject for improved absorption into the subject's bloodstream, the method comprising:
providing a delivery device containing the liquid and having a mouthpiece for directing the liquid in a defined direction during delivery;
directing the mouthpiece toward the mandibular buccal sulcus in the mouth of the subject; and
delivering a measured amount of the liquid directly to the mandibular buccal sulcus in the mouth of the subject;
wherein the time for obtaining a peak concentration of the active substance in the subject's plasma after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is obtained faster than that obtained when the spraying is performed directly into the mouth, all other conditions being the same.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the nicotine-alkaloid is nicotine or a salt, solvate or complex thereof, or a mixture thereof.
3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the nicotine-alkaloid is selected from the group consisting of nicotine base, nicotine hydrochloride, nicotine dihydrochloride, nicotine tartrate, nicotine bitartrate, nicotine sulfate, nicotine zinc chloride, nicotine salicylate and mixtures thereof.
4. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the nicotine-alkaloid is present together with a cellulose material or an ion-exchange material.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said liquid comprises the nicotine-alkaloid and one or more acceptable excipients.
6. A method according to claim 5 , wherein the one or more acceptable excipients are selected from the group consisting of solvents, viscosity-adjusting agents, pH-adjusting agents, additives including sweetening agents, taste-masking agents, preservatives, absorption enhancing agents, and mixtures thereof.
7. A method according to claim 6 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, alcohols including ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, glycerin, and polyethyleneglycols.
8. A method according to claim 6 , wherein the viscosity-adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, alginates, pectins, gums, plant extracts and carrageenans.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said liquid contains the nicotine-alkaloid in dissolved form.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said nicotine alkaloid is dispersed in said liquid.
11. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the time for obtaining a peak concentration after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is less than about 0.75 of the time for obtaining a peak concentration after spraying directly into the mouth.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a peak concentration of the active substance in the subject's plasma after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is greater than that obtained when the spraying is performed directly into the mouth, all other conditions being the same.
13. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the peak concentration after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is more than about 1.05 of the peak concentration after spraying directly into the mouth.
14. A method for applying liquid droplets or atomized liquid containing a nicotine-alkaloid inside a subject's mouth for improved absorption in the subject's bloodstream, the method comprising the steps of
(i) positioning a spray apparatus containing the liquid and having a mouth piece for spraying the liquid in a defined direction,
(ii) directing the mouth piece toward the mandibular buccal sulcus of the subject's mouth, and
(iii) spraying a measured amount of said liquid directly into the mandibular buccal sulcus so that the time for obtaining a peak concentration of the nicotine-alkaloid in the subject's plasma after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is obtained faster than that obtained when the spraying is performed directly into the mouth, all other conditions being the same.
15. A method according to claim 14 , wherein the nicotine-alkaloid is nicotine or a salt, solvate or complex thereof, or a mixture thereof.
16. A method according to claim 15 , wherein the nicotine-alkaloid is selected from the group consisting of nicotine base, nicotine hydrochloride, nicotine dihydrochloride, nicotine tartrate, nicotine bitartrate, nicotine sulfate, nicotine zinc chloride, nicotine salicylate and mixtures thereof.
17. A method according to claim 15 , wherein the nicotine-alkaloid is present together with a cellulose material or an ion-exchange material.
18. A method according to claim 14 , wherein said liquid comprises the nicotine-alkaloid and one or more acceptable excipients.
19. A method according to claim 18 , wherein the one or more acceptable excipients are selected from the group consisting of solvents, viscosity-adjusting agents, pH-adjusting agents, additives including sweetening agents, taste-masking agents, preservatives, absorption enhancing agents, and mixtures thereof.
20. A method according to claim 19 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, alcohols including ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, glycerin, and polyethyleneglycols.
21. A method according to claim 19 , wherein the viscosity-adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, alginates, pectins, gums, plant extracts and carrageenans.
22. A method according to claim 14 , wherein said liquid contains the nicotine-alkaloid in dissolved form.
23. A method according to claim 14 , wherein said nicotine alkaloid is dispersed in said liquid.
24. A method according to claim 14 , wherein the time for obtaining a peak concentration of the active substance in the subject's plasma after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is obtained faster than that obtained when the spraying is performed directly into the mouth, all other conditions being the same.
25. A method according to claim 24 , wherein the time for obtaining a peak concentration after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is less than about 0.75 of the time for obtaining a peak concentration after spraying directly into the mouth.
26. A method according to claim 14 , wherein a peak concentration of the active substance in the subject's plasma after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is greater than that obtained when the spraying is performed directly into the mouth, all other conditions being the same.
27. A method according to claim 26 , wherein the peak concentration after delivery to the mandibular buccal sulcus is more than about 1.05 of the peak concentration after spraying directly into the mouth.