Oxide restraint during co-casting of metals
View Patent ↗A method and apparatus is disclosed for casting a composite ingot made of metals that are susceptible to surface oxide formation when molten. The method involves co-casting at least two metal layers from at least two molten metal pools formed within a direct chill casting apparatus. During the casting operation, movement of metal oxide formed on the upper surface of at least one of the pools towards an edge of the pool is restrained by an oxide skimmer positioned close to an edge of the pool above an external surface or metal-metal interface of the ingot. The apparatus provides a DC caster with at least one oxide skimmer that operates in this manner.
1. Apparatus for casting a composite metal ingot, comprising:
an open ended annular mold having a feed end, an exit end, a cooled mold wall between said feed end and said exit end, and a moveable bottom block adapted to fit within the exit end and movable in a direction along the axis of the annular mold, wherein the feed end of the mold is divided into at least two separate feed chambers, each feed chamber being adjacent at least one other feed chamber, and where adjacent pairs of feed chambers are separated by a divider;
a feed device for delivering metal to each feed chamber to form a pool of molten metal in each feed chamber during casting, each pool having an upper surface maintained at a predetermined vertical height, and
a surface oxide skimmer supported on said divider separating said adjacent pairs of feed chambers and extending into one of said feed chambers from above, said skimmer having a lower end positioned during casting at or below the predetermined vertical height of said upper surface of the pool of molten metal of said one of said feed chamber.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 having one or more additional surface oxide skimmers descending into said one or another of said feed chambers and each having a lower end positioned at or below said predetermined vertical height of said metal pool in said one or another of said feed chambers.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said surface oxide skimmer is positioned adjacent to said divider.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said surface oxide skimmer is positioned adjacent to said cooled mold wall.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein said surface oxide skimmer is spaced from said divider by a distance of 5 cm or less.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein said surface oxide skimmer is spaced from said cooled mold wall by a distance of 5 cm or less.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said lower end of said surface oxide skimmer is positioned below the predetermined vertical height of said upper surface by a distance up to 8 mm.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said skimmer is made of a heat-insulating refractory material.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said skimmer extends fully across said feed chamber.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said skimmer extends only partially across said feed chamber.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said skimmer is supported on said cooled mold wall.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said divider is a cooled divider wall.