System and method for balancing concentric circular field emission structures
An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
1. A field emission structure, comprising:
a first plurality of field emission sources arranged in a first circular ring; and
a second plurality of field emission sources arranged in second circular ring, said first circular ring and said second circular ring being concentric, said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources having polarities and positions in accordance with a desired spatial force function, wherein positive and negative field emissions of said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources are substantially laterally balanced, said spatial force function being defined by a code, said code corresponding to a code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources and a code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said first code and said second code defining a peak spatial force corresponding to substantial alignment of said code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources with said code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said first code and said second code also defining a plurality of off peak spatial forces corresponding to a plurality of different misalignments of said code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources and said code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said plurality of off peak spatial forces having a largest off peak spatial force, said largest off peak spatial force being less than half of said peak spatial force.
2. The field emission structure of claim 1 , wherein there is an equal number of said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources.
3. The field emission structure of claim 1 , wherein said first plurality of field emission sources have polarities and positions in accordance with a first code.
4. The field emission structure of claim 3 , wherein said first code comprises at least one of a Barker code, a Gold code, a Kasami sequence, a hyperbolic congruential code, a quadratic congruential code, a linear congruential code, a pseudorandom code, or a chaotic code.
5. The field emission structure of claim 3 , wherein said second plurality of field emission sources have polarities and positions in accordance with said first code.
6. The field emission structure of claim 5 , wherein said first code is applied to said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources in the same direction around a center shared by said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources.
7. The field emission structure of claim 6 , wherein said first code is applied to said second plurality of field emission sources substantially rotated 180° as it is applied to said first plurality of field emission sources.
8. The field emission structure of claim 3 , wherein said second plurality of field emission sources have polarities and positions in accordance with a second code that is complementary to said first code.
9. The field emission structure of claim 3 , wherein said second plurality of field emission sources are positioned relative to said first plurality of field emission sources such that each of said plurality of field emission sources have the opposite polarity of adjacent field emission sources of said first plurality of field emission sources.
10. The field emission structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one of said first plurality of field emission sources or said second plurality of field emission sources comprises a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, an electret, a magnetized ferromagnetic material, a portion of a magnetized ferromagnetic material, a soft magnetic material, or a superconductive magnetic material.
11. A field emission structure, comprising:
a first plurality of field emission sources arranged in a first circular ring that can rotate about a center axis; and
a second plurality of field emission sources arranged in a second circular ring that can rotate with said first circular ring about said center axis, said second circular ring being outside said first circular ring, said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources having polarities and relative positions in accordance with a spatial force function, said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources having positive and negative field emissions that are substantially laterally balanced, said spatial force function being defined by a code, said code corresponding to a code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources and a code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said first code and said second code defining a peak spatial force corresponding to substantial alignment of said code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources with said code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said first code and said second code also defining a plurality of off peak spatial forces corresponding to a plurality of different misalignments of said code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources and said code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said plurality of off peak spatial forces having a largest off peak spatial force, said largest off peak spatial force being less than half of said peak spatial force.
12. The field emission structure of claim 11 , wherein there is an equal number of said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources.
13. The field emission structure of claim 11 , wherein said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources include a biasing field emission source.
14. The field emission structure of claim 13 , wherein said field emission sources of said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources other than said biasing field emission source have polarities and positions in accordance with a code.
15. The field emission structure of claim 14 , wherein said code comprises at least one of a Barker code, a Gold code, a Kasami sequence, a hyperbolic congruential code, a quadratic congruential code, a linear congruential code, a pseudorandom code, or a chaotic code.
16. The field emission structure of claim 13 , wherein said field emission sources of said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources other than said biasing field emission source are arranged in a circular ring about said biasing field emission source.
17. The field emission structure of claim 11 , wherein at least one of said first plurality of field emission sources or said second plurality of field emission sources comprises a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, an electret, a magnetized ferromagnetic material, a portion of a magnetized ferromagnetic material, a soft magnetic material, or a superconductive magnetic material.
18. The field emission structure of claim 11 , wherein said spatial force function comprises a peak attractive force.
19. The field emission structure of claim 11 , wherein said spatial force function comprises a peak repellant force.
20. A field emission structure, comprising:
a first plurality of field emission sources arranged in a first circle and having positions and polarities in accordance with a desired spatial force function; and
a second plurality of field emission sources arranged in a second circle about said first circle and also having positions and polarities in accordance with said spatial force function, wherein positive and negative field emissions of said first plurality of field emission sources and said second plurality of field emission sources are substantially laterally balanced, said spatial force function being defined by a code, said code corresponding to a code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources and a code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said first code and said second code defining a peak spatial force corresponding to substantial alignment of said code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources with said code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said first code and said second code also defining a plurality of off peak spatial forces corresponding to a plurality of different misalignments of said code modulo of said first plurality of field emission sources and said code modulo of said second plurality of field emission sources, said plurality of off peak spatial forces having a largest off peak spatial force, said largest off peak spatial force being less than half of said peak spatial force.