Ductile metallic glasses
View Patent ↗This application deals with glass forming iron based alloys which when produced as a metallic glass or mixed structure comprising metallic glass and nanocrystalline phases, results in extraordinary combinations of strength and ductility. Specifically, high strain up to 97% and high strength up to 5.9 GPa has been measured. Additionally, consistent with the amorphous structure high elasticity up to 2.6% has been observed. Thus, the new alloys developed result in structures and properties which yield high elasticity corresponding to a metallic glass, high plasticity corresponding to a ductile crystalline metal, and high strength as may be observed in nanoscale materials.
1. A method of forming a ductile metallic material comprising:
providing a glass forming iron based metallic alloy comprising 45 to 70 at % iron, nickel and cobalt both being present with a total amount of nickel and cobalt in the range of 7 at % to 50 at %, and boron, carbon and silicon each being present with a total amount of boron, carbon and silicon in the range of 8.3 at % to 35 at %, wherein said atomic percents are selected to provide at least 95 atomic percent for a given alloy;
melting said glass forming iron based metallic alloy; and
forming said glass forming alloy and cooling said alloy at a rate of about 10 2 to 10 6 K/s forming a material comprising a mixed structure of metallic glass and a nanocrystalline material having a mean grain size of 1 nm to 500 nm; wherein said material exhibits a strain of greater than 0.5%, a failure strength in the range of 1 GPa to 5.9 GPa and a Vickers hardness (HV300) of 9 GPa to 15 GPa.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said glass forming iron based metallic alloy comprises 45 at % to 70 at % iron, 10 at % to 30 at % Ni, 7 at % to 15 at % cobalt, 7 at % to 25 at % B, 1 at % to 6 at % carbon and 0.3 at % to 2 at % silicon.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said glass forming iron based metallic alloy comprises 52 at % to 60 at % iron, 13 at % to 18 at % nickel, 8 at % to 12 at % cobalt, 10 at % to 17 at % boron, 3 at % to 6 at % C and 0.3 at % to 0.7 at % silicon.
4. The method of any claim 1 wherein said material exhibits at least one glass to crystalline transformation onset in the range of 350° C. to 675° C., measured by DSC at a heating rate of 10° C./min.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said material exhibits at least one glass to crystalline transformation peak in the range of 350° C. to 700° C., measured by DSC at a heating rate of 10° C./min.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said material exhibits at least one melting onset at a temperature in the range of 1000° C. to 1250° C., measured by DSC at a heating rate of 10° C./min.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said material exhibits at least one melting peak at a temperature in the range of 1000° C. to 1250° C., measured by DSC at a heating rate of 10° C./min.
8. The method of any claim 1 wherein providing a glass forming alloy comprising blending feedstocks and melting said feedstocks to combine said feedstocks into said glass forming iron based metallic alloy.
9. The method of any claim 1 wherein said material exhibits an elasticity of up to 3%.