Levodopa prodrug mesylate, compositions thereof, and uses thereof

1. A method of treating Parkinson's disease in a patient comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate has characteristic peaks (°2θ) at 5.0±0.2°, 8.5±0.2°, 13.6±0.2°, 15.0±0.2°, 17.0±0.2°, 17.7±0.2°, 20.4±0.2°, 21.1±0.2°, 25.0±0.2°, 25.8±0.2°, 28.2±0.2°, 30.1±0.2°, and 37.6±0.2° in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern measured using Cu Kα radiation.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate is characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram having an endothermic peak at 164.5±2.5° C.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate has characteristic diffraction peaks (°2θ) at 4.7±0.2°, 5.0±2°, 8.5±0.2°, 9.6±0.2°, 13.6±0.2°, 15.0±0.2°, 17.0±0.2°, 17.4±0.2°, 17.7±0.2°, 19.1±0.2°, 19.5±0.2°, 20.0±0.2°, 20.4±0.2°, 21.1±0.2°, 22.3±0.2°, 22.9 ±0.2°, 23.1±0.2°, 23.3±0.2°, 24.3±0.2°, 25.0±0.2°, 25.3±0.2°, 25.7±0.2°, 25.8 ±0.2°, 26.9±0.2°, 27.3±0.2°, 28.2±0.2°, 30.1±0.2°, 30.5±0.2°, 32.0±0.2°, 33.8±0.2°, 34.3±0.2°, 37.6±0.2°, and 38.4±0.2° in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern measured using Cu Kα radiation.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate is characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram having an endothermic peak at 165.8±1.1° C. at a scan rate of 10° C./min or 15° C./min.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate exhibits a melting point from 157° C. to 162° C.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate exhibits a melting point from about 160.5° C. to 161.3° C.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate is administered as a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a sustained release oral formulation.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one other diastereomer of crystalline 2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate wherein the diastereomeric purity of the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate is at least 90%.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor.

12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor.

13. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor and a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor.

14. A method of treating a disease selected from depression, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, manic depression, cognitive impairment disorders, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement disorders, tardive dyskinesia, Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, hypertension, addictive disorders, congestive heart failure, and excessive daytime sleepiness in a patient, comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate has characteristic peaks (°2θ) at 5.0±0.2°, 8.5±0.2°, 13.6±0.2°, 15.0±0.2°, 17.0±0.2°, 17.7±0.2°, 20.4±0.2°, 21.1±0.2°, 25.0±0.2°, 25.8±0.2°, 28.2±0.2°, 30.1 ±0.2°, and 37.6±0.2° in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern measured using Cu Kα radiation.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate is characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram having an endothermic peak at 164.5±2.5° C.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate has characteristic diffraction peaks (°2θ) at 4.7±0.2°, 5.0±0.2°, 8.5±0.2°, 9.6±0.2°, 13.6±0.2°, 15.0±0.2°, 17.0±0.2°, 17.4±0.2°, 17.7±0.2°, 19.1±0.2°, 19.5±0.2°, 20.0±0.2°, 20.4±0.2°, 21.1±0.2°, 22.3±0.2°, 22.9 ±0.2°, 23.1±0.2°, 23.3±0.2°, 24.3±0.2°, 25.0±0.2° , 25.3±0.2°, 25.7±0.2°, 25.8 ±0.2°, 26.9±0.2°, 27.3±0.2°, 28.2±0.2°, 30.1±0.2°, 30.5±0.2°, 32.0±0.2°, 33.8±0.2°, 34.3±0.2°, 37.6±0.2°, and 38.4±0.2° in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern measured using Cu Kα radiation.

18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate is characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry thermogram having an endothermic peak at 165.8±1.1° C. at a scan rate of 10° C./min or 15° C./min.

19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate exhibits a melting point from 157° C. to 162° C.

20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propanoate mesylate exhibits a melting point from about 160.5° C. to 161.3° C.

21. The method of claim 14 , wherein the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propanoate mesylate is administered as a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate.

22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a sustained release oral formulation.

23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one other diastereomer of crystalline 2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate wherein the diastereomeric purity of the crystalline (2R)-2-phenylcarbonyloxypropyl (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate mesylate is at least 90%.

24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor.

25. The method of claim 21 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor.

26. The method of claim 21 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor and a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor.