USE OF IONIC LIQUIDS AS AN ADDITIVE FOR CLEANING PROCESSES IN LIQUEFIED AND/OR SUPERCRITICAL GAS
The invention relates to the use of at least one ionic liquid or of a mixture of ionic liquids as a detergent for the cleaning of articles with a compressed gas.
1 . A cleaning composition comprising a compressed gas and at least one detergent, characterized in that at least one detergent is an ionic liquid.
2 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the detergent used is a mixture of ionic liquids.
3 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the compressed gas is present as a liquid or supercritical phase.
4 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the compressed gas is carbon dioxide, helium, argon, xenon, krypton, a nitrogen oxide, a hydrocarbon, a halogenated hydrocarbon or a halogen-sulphur compound.
5 . The composition according to claim 4 , characterized in that the compressed gas is carbon dioxide.
6 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the mass ratio of compressed gas to ionic liquids is 1 000 000:1 to 1:1.
7 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ionic liquid or the mixture of ionic liquids has a melting point below 100° C.
8 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ionic liquid used or the mixture of ionic liquids has a melting point below room temperature.
9 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ionic liquid or the mixture of ionic liquids is present in liquid form at a temperature of −50° C. to 400° C.
10 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ionic liquid or the mixture of ionic liquids has a decomposition temperature of >200° C.
11 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ionic liquid or the mixture of ionic liquids is soluble in water and/or organic solvents.
12 . The composition according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises one or more further detergents which are not ionic liquids.
13 . The composition according to claim 12 , characterized in that the mass ratio of ionic liquids to further detergents which are not ionic liquids is from 100:1 to 1:100.
14 . A process for cleaning articles, in which the articles are contacted with a cleaning composition comprising a compressed gas and at least one detergent, characterized in that a cleaning composition according to claim 1 is used.
15 . The process according to claim 14 , characterized in that the article to be cleaned is selected from the group of textiles and yarns.
16 . The process according to claim 15 , characterized in that the textiles and yarns comprise cotton or cotton blend fabric.
17 . The process according to claim 14 , characterized in that the article to be cleaned has a surface which is wholly or partly composed of leather.
18 . The process according to claim 14 , characterized in that the article to be cleaned has a surface which is wholly or partly an animal or synthetic fur.
19 . The process according to claim 14 , characterized in that the article to be cleaned has a surface which is wholly or partly composed of metal, semimetal, plastic, lacquer, wood, ceramic, rubber, or glass.
20 . The composition according to claim 4 , characterized in that the compressed gas is carbon dioxide, the mass ratio of compressed gas to ionic liquids is 1 000 000:1 to 1:1 and the ionic liquid is selected from the group consisting of C16-18 and C18-unsaturated acryloylbis(hydroxyethyl)methyl, ethoxylated, C16-18 and C18-unsaturated carboxylates (esters), methylsulphates (salts) and ethoxylated ethylbis(hydroxyethyl)tallow ethylsulphate.