Measuring device

1. A measuring device comprising:

a Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) of a first-order or high-order single mode emitting laser beams;

a driving part configured to drive the VCSEL;

a detecting part configured to detect an electric signal relating to feedback lights generated when laser beams are projected onto an object; and

a calculating part configured to identify a direction of movement of the object on the basis of the electric signal detected by the detecting part.

2. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting part detects the electric signal corresponding to an impedance change of the VCSEL.

3. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting part includes an analyzing part configured to analyze, from the electric signal, frequency components representing variations of light intensities of first and second laser beams, and the calculating part calculates a velocity of the object on the basis of the frequency components analyzed.

4. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein:

the calculating part obtains, from expressions (1) and (2), a velocity component v 1 in a direction of a path of a laser beam L 1 and a velocity component v 2 in a direction of a path of a laser beam L 2 where θ is emission angles of the laser beams L 1 and L 2 , v is a moving velocity v of the object, a is a moving angle of the object, and A and B are angles of the laser beams L 1 and L 2 with respect to a moving direction of the object;

a relation between A and B is obtained from expression (3);

a relation between the angles a and A is obtained from expression (4);

expression (5) is obtained from expressions (1) and (2);

expression (6) is obtained from expression (3);

expression (7) is obtained from expressions (5) and (6);

expression (8) is obtained from expressions (1) and (7); and

expression (9) is obtained from expressions (4) and (7),

v1=v cos A   (1)

v2=v cos B   (2)

B=A+ 2θ  (3)

a=π/ 2−θ− A   (4)

cos B =( v 2/ v 1)cos A   (5)

cos B =cos A cos 2θ−sin A sin 2θ  (6)

tan A ={cos 2θ−( v 2/ v 1)}/sin 2θ, thus

A =tan −1 [{cos 2θ−( v 2/ v 1)}/sin 2θ]  (7)

v=v 1/cos<tan −1 [{cos 2θ−( v 2 /v 1)}/sin 2θ]>  (8)

a=π/ 2−θ−tan −1 [{cos 2θ−( v 2/ v 1)}/sin 2θ  (9).

5. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein:

the VCSEL includes a substrate, a first reflector of a semiconductor multilayer of a first conduction type, an active region, a second reflector of a semiconductor multilayer of a second conduction type, and an electrode layer provided on the second reflector;

the electrode layer has an emission window through which first and second laser beams of a first-order mode are emitted; and

the VCSEL includes a shield portion that is provided in the emission window and shields a laser beam of a zero-order mode.

6. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein:

the VCSEL includes a substrate, a first reflector of a semiconductor multilayer of a first conduction type, an active region, a second reflector of a semiconductor multilayer of a second conduction type, and an electrode layer provided on the second reflector;

the electrode layer has an emission window through which first and second laser beams of a first-order mode are emitted; and

a groove for suppressing a laser beam of a zero-order mode is formed in the second reflector exposed in the emission window.

7. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein:

the VCSEL emits first and second laser beams of a wavelength of 850 nm, and are projected onto hemoglobin in blood; and

the calculating part calculates a velocity of hemoglobin in blood.

8. The measuring device according to claim 7 , further comprising a display part on which the velocity of hemoglobin in blood is displayed.