Apparatus for measuring bending on a drill bit operating in a well
View Patent ↗An apparatus for measuring the bending on a drill bit operating down hole in a well may comprise at least three pockets circumferentially spaced equidistantly around the drill collar of the drill string to which the drill bit is attached. Four strain gauges are equidistantly circumferentially spaced around each of the pockets so as to form first and second sets of strain gauges. The strain gauges in the first set are connected into one Wheatstone bridge while the gauges in the second set are connected in a second bridge. Each of the strain gauges that are oriented similarly within each of the pockets are connected in series within a single leg of a bridge so that the output voltage of the bridge is unaffected by bending in the drill string. The output of first bridge is used to determine the bending on the drill bit. Further, an apparatus for measuring the bending, weight, and torque on a drill bit operating down hole in a well may comprise at least three pockets circumferentially spaced equidistantly around the drill collar of the drill string to which the drill bit is attached with twelve strain gauges that are equidistantly circumferentially spaced around each of the pockets so as to form first and second sets of strain gauges. The arrangement of the twelve strain gauges allow for a bending on bit measurement that cancels out the affects of the weight on bit and torque on bit.
1. A method for sensing the bending applied to a drill bit coupled to a drill string operating down hole in a well, comprising the steps of:
a) rotating said drill string, said drill string having a plurality of pockets formed therein in each of which is located a set of strain sensors connected by circuitry so as to form a bridge, wherein each of said sets of strain sensors is affixed to a wall of its respective pocket, each of said sets of strain sensors comprising first, second, third and fourth strain sensors circumferentially spaced approximately equidistantly around said wall of its respective pocket, and wherein:
each of said first strain sensors in each of said sets of strain sensors are disposed opposite said third strain sensor in its respective set, whereby said first and third strain sensors in each of said pockets form a first opposing pair of strain sensors;
each of said second strain sensors in each of said sets of strain sensors are disposed opposite said fourth strain sensor in its respective set, whereby said second and fourth strain sensors in each of said pockets form a second opposing pair of strain sensors; and
said first and third strain sensors in said first opposing pair are disposed along a line parallel to said centerline of said drill pipe, said second and fourth strain sensors in said second opposing pair are disposed along a line perpendicular to said centerline of said drill pipe;
b) applying a voltage across one of first and second pairs of terminals formed by circuitry connecting each of said strain sensors in said sets, said circuitry forming a bridge, said bridge comprising first, second, third and fourth legs, and wherein:
said first leg of said bridge being opposite to said second leg of said bridge and adjoining said third leg of said bridge, wherein a first junction is formed between said first and third legs;
said fourth leg of said bridge being opposite said third leg of said bridge and adjoining said second leg, wherein a second junction is formed between second and fourth legs, a third junction is formed between said second and third legs, and a fourth junction is formed between said first and fourth legs;
each of said first strain sensors in each of said pockets connected in series along said first leg of said bridge;
each of said third strain sensors in each of said pockets connected in series along said third leg of said bridge, wherein said opposing strain sensors in each of said first opposing pair of strain sensors are connected along adjoining legs of said bridge;
each of said fourth strain sensors in each of said pockets connected in series along said second leg of said bridge;
each of said second strain sensors in each of said pockets connected in series along said fourth leg of said bridge;
wherein each of said legs of said bridge has connected therealong one of said strain sensors from each of said first, second and third pockets, and wherein said opposing strain sensors in each of said second opposing pair of strain sensors are connected along adjoining legs of said bridge;
wherein said first and second junctions form said first pair of terminals, and
wherein said third and fourth junctions form said second pair of terminals;
c) sensing a voltage across the other of said first and second pairs of terminals;
d) determining said bending on said drill bit from said sensed voltage.