Integrated or autonomous system and method of satellite-terrestrial frequency reuse using signal attenuation and/or blockage, dynamic assignment of frequencies and/or hysteresis
View Patent ↗A signal strength that is associated with a first wireless communications channel is detected. Electromagnetic energy is transmitted over the first wireless communications channel in response to the signal strength being sufficiently weak. A determination is made whether a handoff should be made to a second wireless communications channel having a signal that is weaker than a signal of the first wireless communications channel. Related systems and methods are described.
1. A communications system comprising a ground based system that is associated with a space based system that comprises at least one satellite, each satellite transmitting and/or receiving waveforms using a first portion of a predetermined frequency band that is authorized for the provision of space based communications; the ground based system comprising at least one base station, each base station transmitting and/or receiving waveforms utilizing a second portion of the predetermined frequency band; wherein the ground based system is configured to provide communications to subscriber terminals using a radio resource manager that is not used by the space based system and/or a mobile switching center that is not used by the space based system,
wherein there is no frequency overlap between the first portion and the second portion, so that frequencies used by the space based system are mutually exclusive to frequencies used by the ground based system.
2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined frequency band comprises a space based system uplink portion, a space based system downlink portion, and a ground based system portion.
3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein first and second cells of the space based system use mutually exclusive portions of the first portion of the predetermined frequency band.
4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein a subscriber terminal is configured to preferentially communicate with the at least one base station.
5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the subscriber terminal comprises a first vocoder having a first data rate and a second vocoder having a second data rate.
6. The system according to claim 5 , wherein the radio resource manager assigns and/or activates the first vocoder and/or the second vocoder in response to predetermined criteria.
7. The system according to claim 6 , wherein the predetermined criteria comprise at least one of capacity demand, voice quality and received signal level.
8. The system according to claim 6 , wherein the radio resource manager further assigns and/or activates a different vocoder to a voice communications circuit in response to the predetermined criteria.
9. The system according to claim 8 , wherein the predetermined criteria comprises capacity demand, voice quality, signal strength, and/or received signal level having changed substantially since assignment or activation of the at least one of the first vocoder and the second vocoder.
10. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system.
11. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system.
12. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system.
13. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system.
14. The system according to claim 1 , wherein a satellite of the at least one satellite communicates with subscriber terminals using a first air interface and a base station of the at least one base station communicates with subscriber terminals using a second air interface.
15. The system according to claim 14 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or time and the second air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or time.
16. The system according to claim 15 , wherein the first and/or second air interface comprises a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol.
17. The system according to claim 14 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code and the second air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code.
18. The system according to claim 17 , wherein the first and/or second air interface comprises a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) protocol.
19. The system according to claim 14 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or time and the second air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code.
20. The system according to claim 19 , wherein the first air interface comprises a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol and the second air interface comprises a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) protocol.
21. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the subscriber terminal comprises at least one variable rate vocoder.
22. The system according to claim 14 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code and the second air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or time.
23. The system according to claim 22 , wherein the first air interface comprises a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) protocol and the second air interface comprises a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol.
24. The system according to claim 6 , wherein the radio resource manager monitors inband interference, received signal quality and/or received signal strength and avoids using channels containing interference exceeding a predetermined threshold.
25. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the subscriber terminal is configured to communicate with the space based system and with the ground based system.
26. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the subscriber terminals are configured to communicate with the space based system and with the ground based system.
27. The system according to claim 24 , wherein the radio resource manager executes utilization of a different communications channel when a quality measure of an existing communications channel has fallen below a predetermined level.
28. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the ground based system is further configured to provide communications to the subscriber terminals using a network operations center that is not used by the space based system.
29. The system according to claim 28 , wherein the network operations center utilizes past system traffic patterns to administer reconfiguration, assignment and/or use of frequencies.
30. The system according to claim 28 , wherein the network operations center utilizes at least one of hysteresis and negative hysteresis to administer reconfiguration, assignment and/or use of frequencies.
31. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the space based system is configured to communicate with subscriber terminals that are not capable of communicating with the ground based system and with subscriber terminals that are capable of communicating with the ground based system.
32. A method of providing ground based communications for at least one subscriber terminal that communicates with a space based system by transmitting and/or receiving waveforms using a first portion of a predetermined frequency band, wherein the space based system comprises at least one satellite and the predetermined frequency band is authorized for the provision of space based communications; the method of providing ground based communications comprising communicating between a ground based system and the at least one subscriber terminal by transmitting and/or receiving waveforms utilizing a second portion of the predetermined frequency band, wherein the ground based system comprises at least one base station; the ground based system providing communications to the at least one subscriber terminal using a radio resource manager that is not used by the space based system and/or a mobile switching center that is not used by the space based system,
wherein there is no frequency overlap between the first portion and the second portion, so that frequencies used by the space based system are mutually exclusive to frequencies used by the ground based system.
33. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the predetermined frequency band comprises a space based system uplink portion, a space based system downlink portion, and a ground based system portion.
34. The method according to claim 32 , wherein first and second cells of the space based system use mutually exclusive portions of the first portion of the predetermined frequency band.
35. The method according to claim 32 , wherein a subscriber terminal is configured to preferentially communicate with the at least one base station.
36. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the subscriber terminal comprises a first vocoder having a first data rate and a second vocoder having a second data rate.
37. The method according to claim 36 , further comprising assigning and/or activating of the first vocoder and/or the second vocoder in response to predetermined criteria by the radio resource manager.
38. The method according to claim 37 , wherein the predetermined criteria comprises at least one of capacity demand, voice quality, and received signal level.
39. The method according to claim 37 , wherein the radio resource manager further assigns and/or activates a different vocoder to a voice communications circuit in response to the predetermined criteria.
40. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the predetermined criteria comprises capacity demand, voice quality, signal strength, and/or received signal level having changed substantially since assignment or activation of the at least one of the first vocoder and the second vocoder.
41. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system.
42. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system.
43. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide uplink communications of the space based system.
44. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the subscriber terminal communicates with the at least one base station by transmitting at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system, and/or receiving at frequencies that are authorized to provide downlink communications of the space based system.
45. The method according to claim 32 , wherein a satellite of the at least one satellite communicates with subscriber terminals using a first air interface and a base station of the at least one base station communicates with subscriber terminals using a second air interface.
46. The method according to claim 45 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that arc separated by frequency and/or time and the second air interface comprises channels that arc separated by frequency and/or time.
47. The method according to claim 46 , wherein the first and/or second air interface comprises a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol.
48. The method according to claim 45 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code and the second air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code.
49. The method according to claim 48 , wherein the first and/or second air interface comprises a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) protocol.
50. The method according to claim 45 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or time and the second air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code.
51. The method according to claim 50 , wherein the first air interface comprises a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol and the second air interface comprises a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) protocol.
52. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the subscriber terminal comprises at least one variable rate vocoder.
53. The method according to claim 45 , wherein the first air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or code and the second air interface comprises channels that are separated by frequency and/or time.
54. The method according to claim 53 , wherein the first air interface comprises a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) protocol and the second air interface comprises a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol.
55. The method according to claim 37 , wherein the radio resource manager monitors in-band interference, received signal quality and/or received signal strength and avoids using channels containing interference exceeding a predetermined threshold.
56. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the subscriber terminal is configured to communicate with the space based system and with the ground based system.
57. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the subscriber terminals are configured to communicate with the space based system and with the ground based system.
58. The method according to claim 55 , wherein the radio resource manager executes utilization of a different communications channel when a quality measure of an existing communications channel has fallen below a predetermined level.
59. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the ground based system further provides communications to the at least one subscriber terminal using a network operations center that is not used by the space based system.
60. The method according to claim 59 , wherein the network operations center utilizes past system traffic patterns to administer reconfiguration, assignment and/or use of frequencies.
61. The method according to claim 59 , wherein the network operations center utilizes at least one of hysteresis and negative hysteresis to administer reconfiguration, assignment and/or use of frequencies.
62. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the space based system is configured to communicate with subscriber terminals that are not capable of communicating with the ground based system and with subscriber terminals that are capable of communicating with the ground based system.