Acoustic Waveguide Array With Nonsolid Cores
An acoustic (sound or ultrasound) wave transmitter having a plurality of waveguides is described, and a method of making such a transmitter is described. Each waveguide can have a cladded core. The core can be a liquid such as water, alcohol or mineral oil. Alternatively, the core can be a colloidal gel, such as gelatin dissolved in at least one of water, vinyl plastisol or silicone gel. The cladded core is capable of transmitting acoustic wave energy from a first end surface to a second end surface of the cladded core. The waveguides can be substantially fixed relative to each other by a binder. The binder can be formed by fusing the claddings together, potting a material between the waveguides and/or mechanically holding the waveguides.
1 . An acoustic wave transmitter, comprising:
a plurality of waveguides, each waveguide having a core and cladding, the cladding having (a) a first end surface, (b) a second end surface, and (c) a longitudinal surface extending between the first and second end surfaces, the longitudinal surface substantially surrounding the core to form a cladded core, wherein the core is a liquid material having a first shear-wave propagation velocity (“SWPV”), and the cladding is a material having a second shear-wave propagation velocity, and wherein the second SWPV is greater than the first SWPV;
a binder holding the waveguides so as to substantially fix each waveguide relative to the other waveguides.
2 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the waveguides are substantially the same length.
3 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the first end surfaces of the waveguides lie substantially in a plane.
4 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the second end surfaces of the waveguides lie substantially in a plane.
5 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the binder is a material substantially the same as the material used for the cladding.
6 . The wave transmitter of claim 5 , wherein the cladding material also serves as the binder, and the binder has been formed by fusing the cladding of a first waveguide to the cladding of a second waveguide.
7 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the binder has been potted to interstices between the waveguides.
8 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the core is water.
9 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the core is alcohol.
10 . The wave transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the core is mineral oil.
11 . A method of making an acoustic wave transmitter, comprising:
providing a plurality of cladding tubes;
binding the cladding tubes so as to substantially fix a position of each cladding tube relative to the other cladding tubes;
filling the cladding tubes with liquid;
sealing ends of the cladding tubes so as to provide a plurality of waveguides, each waveguide having a liquid core;
wherein the liquid cores have a first shear-wave propagation velocity (“SWPV”), and the claddings have a second SWPV, wherein the second SWPV is greater than the first SWPV.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the cladding tubes are made substantially the same length by cutting the cladding tubes to a desired length.
13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein binding is carried out by heating the cladding tubes to fuse at least one cladding tube to another cladding tube.
14 . The method of claim 11 , wherein binding is carried out by placing a potting material between the cladding tubes.
15 . The method of claim 11 , wherein binding is carried out by placing a band around the plurality of cladding tubes.
16 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising cutting the bound cladding tubes so that the first end surfaces of the cladding tubes lie substantially in a plane.
17 . The method of claim 16 , further comprising cutting the bound waveguides so that the second end surfaces of the waveguides lie substantially in a plane.
18 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the core is water.
19 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the core is alcohol.
20 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the core is mineral oil.
21 . An acoustic wave transmitter, comprising:
a plurality of waveguides, each waveguide having a core and cladding, the cladding having (a) a first end surface, (b) a second end surface, and (c) a longitudinal surface extending between the first and second end surfaces, the longitudinal surface substantially surrounding the core to form a cladded core, wherein the core is a colloidal gel having a first shear-wave propagation velocity (“SWPV”), and the cladding is a material having a second shear-wave propagation velocity, and wherein the second SWPV is greater than the first SWPV;
a binder holding the waveguides so as to substantially fix each waveguide relative to the other waveguides.
22 . The wave transmitter of claim 21 , wherein the waveguides are substantially the same length.
23 . The wave transmitter of claim 21 , wherein the first end surfaces of the waveguides lie substantially in a plane.
24 . The wave transmitter of claim 21 , wherein the second end surfaces of the waveguides lie substantially in a plane.
25 . The wave transmitter of claim 21 , wherein the binder is a material substantially the same as the material used for the cladding.
26 . The wave transmitter of claim 25 , wherein the cladding material also serves as the binder, and the binder has been formed by fusing the cladding of a first waveguide to the cladding of a second waveguide.
27 . The wave transmitter of claim 21 , wherein the binder has been potted to interstices between the waveguides.
28 . The wave transmitter of claim 21 , wherein the core is gelatin dissolved in at least one of water, vinyl plastisol or silicone gel.
29 . A method of making an acoustic wave transmitter, comprising:
providing a plurality of cladding tubes;
binding the cladding tubes so as to substantially fix a position of each cladding tube relative to the other cladding tubes;
filling the cladding tubes with a colloidal gel;
sealing ends of the cladding tubes so as to provide a plurality of waveguides, each waveguide having a colloidal gel core;
wherein the colloidal gel cores have a first shear-wave propagation velocity (“SWPV”), and the claddings have a second SWPV, wherein the second SWPV is greater than the first SWPV.
30 . The method of claim 29 , wherein the cladding tubes are made substantially the same length by cutting the cladding tubes to a desired length.
31 . The method of claim 29 , wherein binding is carried out by heating the cladding tubes to fuse at least one cladding tube to another cladding tube.
32 . The method of claim 29 , wherein binding is carried out by placing a potting material between the cladding tubes.
33 . The method of claim 29 , wherein binding is carried out by placing a band around the plurality of cladding tubes.
34 . The method of claim 29 , further comprising cutting the bound cladding tubes so that the first end surfaces of the cladding tubes lie substantially in a plane.
35 . The method of claim 34 , further comprising cutting the bound waveguides so that the second end surfaces of the waveguides lie substantially in a plane.
36 . The method of claim 29 , wherein the core is gelatin dissolved in at least one of water, water and alcohol, vinyl plastisol or silicone gel.