Plethysmograph with animal restraint
A plethysmograph is described that includes a test chamber having an opening; a sealing member including an annular flexible seal to receive at least a part of the head of the test animal mounted across the opening whereby the animal breathes air outside the test chamber, while the animal's body is within the test chamber; and a restraining member attachable to the sealing member, the restraining member including a clamp positionable behind the test animal's head, to prevent the animal from withdrawing its head from the restraining member. The animal is positioned in the restraining member and the sealing member is attached to the restraining member before insertion of the animal and assembly into the test chamber, avoiding previous difficulties in simultaneously placing an animal into the chamber while inserting the animal's nose into the seal. The plethysmograph also eliminates the necessity for a plunger to prevent rearward movement of the animal.
1. A duel-chamber plethysmograph for transmitted test animal pulmonary data to differential pressure transducers comprised of:
a) a first chamber having a first attachment opening;
b) a second chamber having a second attachment opening attachable to said first attachment opening at an interface;
c) a sealing member insertable into said plethysmograph between said first and second chambers to block the passage of air between said chambers, said sealing member including a seal with an opening to receive the head of the test animal whereby the animal breaths air in the second chamber, while the animal's body is within the first chamber; and
d) a restraining member attachable to said sealing member, said restraining member including a clamp positionable behind the test animal's head, thereby preventing the animal from withdrawing its head from the restraining member, said restraining member and said sealing member being insertable into said second chamber after the test animal is placed in said restraining member and held by said clamp.
2. The plethysmograph of claim 1 , wherein said restraining member includes a continuous wall surrounding the area into which the test animal's neck is positioned, said wall including a slot for insertion of said clamp.
3. The plethysmograph of claim 1 , wherein said restraining member includes a platform to support the animal's body.
4. The plethysmograph of claim 1 , wherein said clamp is comprised of a pair of spaced clamping pins pivotal between an open position permitting insertion of the animal's head and selected clamped position preventing withdrawal of the animal's head, said restraining member including latching means to secure said pins at said selected clamping positions.
5. The plethysmograph of claim 1 , wherein said restraining member includes a continuous wall section surrounding the area into which the test animal's neck is positioned, and said clamp is comprised of a pair of spaced cords extending across said wall section, said cords having a relaxed position permitting insertion of the animal's head and a taut position preventing withdrawal of the animal's head.
6. The plethysmograph of claim 1 , wherein said chamber are cylindrical and said sealing member is circular with an O-ring about its periphery frictionally engaging one the chambers when inserted into said plethysmograph.
7. The plethysmograph of claim 1 , wherein said seal is an annual flexible seal with central opening.
8. The plethysmograph of claim 1 , wherein so sealing member is frictionally attachable to said restraining member.
9. A dual-chamber plethysmograph for transmitted test animal pulmonary data to a differential pressure transducer comprised of:
a) a cylindrical first chamber having a first attachment end;
b) a cylindrical second chamber having a second attachment end attachable to said first attachment end;
c) a sealing member to block the passage of air between said chambers, said sealing member including a circular frame having an O-ring about its periphery, and a seal extending across said frame, said seal having an opening to receive the head of the test animal, whereby the animal breaths air in the second chamber, while the animal's body is within the first chamber; and
d) a restraining member attachable to said sealing member, said restraining member including a clamp positionable behind the test animal's head, thereby preventing the animal from withdrawing its head from the restraining member, said restraining member and said sealing member being insertable into said chamber after the test animal is placed in said restraining member and held by said clamp.
10. The plethysmograph of claim 9 , wherein said restraining member includes a platform to support the animal's body.
11. The plethysmograph of claim 9 , wherein said clamp is the only component of said plethysmograph preventing the animal from withdrawing its head from the seal during use of the plethysmograph.
12. The plethysmograph of claim 9 , wherein said clamp has a U-shaped neck-receiving opening.
13. The plethysmograph of claim 9 , wherein said clamp is comprised of a pair of spaced clamping pins pivotal between an open position permitting insertion of the animal's head and a clamped position preventing withdrawal of the animal's head.
14. The plethysmograph of claim 9 , wherein said clamp is comprised of a pair of spaced flexible cords having a relaxed position permitting insertion of the animal's head and taut position preventing withdrawal of the animal's head.