Prismatic-cell battery pack with integral coolant passages
View Patent ↗A prismatic-cell battery pack is provided with integral coolant passages including an intake plenum, an exhaust plenum, and a distributed array of coolant channels coupled between the intake plenum and the exhaust plenum. Coolant medium forced into the intake plenum enters the coolant channels in parallel, draws heat away from the battery cells, and then enters the exhaust plenum for expulsion into the atmosphere. The battery pack is configured as a set of stackable interlocking battery cell modules including at least one battery cell in thermal proximity to an array of coolant channels distributed over the profile of the battery cell, and a pair of peripheral chambers joined to opposite ends of the coolant channels to form the intake and exhaust plenums when the modules are arranged and interlocked in a lineal stack.
1. A prismatic-cell battery pack, comprising:
a set of battery cell modules arranged and interlocked in a lineal stack, each battery cell module including at least one prismatic battery cell supported in thermal contact with a plurality of coolant channels distributed over a surface of the battery cell, and a pair of peripheral chambers joined to opposite ends of the coolant channels to form intake and exhaust plenums respectively upstream and downstream of said coolant channels when the modules are lineally arranged and interlocked, whereby coolant supplied to the intake plenum enters the coolant channels of each module in parallel, cools the respective battery cells, and is returned to the exhaust plenum for expulsion from the battery pack.
2. The prismatic-cell battery pack of claim 1 , where:
the intake and exhaust plenums are disposed near a first end of the battery cell, and the coolant channels of each module conduct coolant from the intake plenum toward a second end of the battery cell and then back into the exhaust plenum.
3. The prismatic-cell battery pack of claim 1 , further comprising:
a coolant inlet cap that blocks the exhaust plenum but establishes a coolant inlet airway between the intake plenum and an inlet port formed in the coolant inlet cap; and
a coolant outlet cap that blocks the intake plenum but establishes a coolant outlet airway between the exhaust plenum and an outlet port formed in the coolant outlet cap.
4. The prismatic-cell battery pack of claim 1 , where said battery cell modules comprise:
first and second prismatic battery cells; and
first and second mutually joined inner frame members having sculpted inboard faces that form said plurality of coolant channels, and planar outboard faces that are thermally coupled to said first and second battery cells.
5. The prismatic-cell battery pack of claim 4 , where:
said first and second inner frame members have peripheral openings that form said pair of peripheral chambers.
6. The prismatic-cell battery pack of claim 5 , further comprising:
a peripheral seal between said first and second inner frame members to prevent coolant leakage from said plurality of coolant channels and said peripheral chambers.
7. The prismatic-cell battery pack of claim 4 , further comprising:
a seal between said first and second inner frame members to prevent coolant leakage between said pair of peripheral chambers.