Display substrate, method of manufacturing the display substrate and liquid crystal display device having the display substrate

1. A display substrate, comprising:

a base substrate comprising a pixel area comprising a transmissive area and a reflective area;

a reflective layer disposed in the reflective area of the base substrate;

a common electrode comprising a first sub-common electrode disposed in the reflective area and a second sub-common electrode disposed in the transmissive area;

a pixel electrode comprising a first sub-pixel electrode spaced apart from the first sub-common electrode by a first distance in the reflective area, and a second sub-pixel electrode spaced apart from the second sub-common electrode by a second distance in the transmissive area, wherein the second distance is less than the first distance; and

switching elements disposed at the center of the pixel area and respectively electrically connected to the common electrode and the pixel electrode.

2. The display substrate of claim 1 , wherein the first sub-common electrode comprises a plurality of first sub-common electrodes, and the first sub-pixel electrode comprises a plurality of first sub-pixel electrodes each spaced apart from corresponding first sub-common electrodes disposed in the reflective area, and

the second sub-common electrode comprises a plurality of second sub-common electrodes, and the second sub-pixel electrode comprises a plurality of second sub-pixel electrodes spaced apart from corresponding second sub-common electrodes disposed in the transmissive area.

3. The display substrate of claim 2 , wherein a separation distance between at least one of the first sub-common electrodes and the corresponding first sub-pixel electrode is different from a separation distance between another of the first sub-common electrodes and the corresponding first sub-pixel electrode, and

a separation distance between at least one of the second sub-common electrodes and the corresponding second sub-pixel electrode is different from a separation distance between another of the second sub-common electrodes and the corresponding second sub-pixel electrode.

4. The display substrate of claim 2 , wherein separation distances between the first sub-common electrodes and the corresponding first sub-pixel electrodes are substantially equal to each other, and

separation distances between the second sub-common electrodes and the corresponding second sub-pixel electrodes are substantially equal to each other.

5. The display substrate of claim 2 , wherein an average of the separation distances between the first sub-common electrodes and the corresponding first sub-pixel electrodes in the reflective area is greater than an average of the separation distances between the second sub-common electrodes and the corresponding second sub-pixel electrodes in the transmissive area.

6. The display substrate of claim 1 , further comprising a first data line and a second data line that are disposed on the base substrate to receive different voltages, and

wherein the first sub-common electrode and the second sub-common electrode are electrically connected to the first data line, and the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode are electrically connected to the second data line.

7. The display substrate of claim 1 , further comprising an insulation layer disposed on the base substrate, the insulation layer comprising an embossing pattern in the reflective area, wherein

the common electrode and the pixel electrode are disposed on the insulation layer,

the common electrode comprises a transparent conductive material,

the pixel electrode comprises a transparent conductive material, and

the reflective layer is disposed on the embossing pattern.

8. The display substrate of claim 7 , wherein the embossing pattern comprises a random convex pattern and a random concave pattern.

9. The display substrate of claim 7 , wherein the switching elements comprise:

a first switching element formed in the center of the pixel area and electrically connected to the first sub-common electrode;

a second switching element formed in the center of the pixel area and electrically connected to the first sub-pixel electrode;

a third switching element formed in the center of the pixel area and electrically connected to the second sub-common electrode; and

a fourth switching element formed in the center of the pixel area and electrically connected to the second sub-pixel electrode.

10. The display substrate of claim 9 , wherein a separation distance between the first sub-common electrode and the first sub-pixel electrode disposed in a first area of the reflective area is less than a separation distance between the second sub-common electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode in a second area of the transmissive area,

a separation distance between the first sub-common electrode and the first sub-pixel electrode disposed in a third area of the reflective area is less than the separation distance between the second sub-common electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode in a fourth area of the transmissive area, and

the first area and the second area are symmetrical with respect to a center line of the pixel area, and the third area and the fourth area are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the pixel area.

11. The display substrate of claim 1 , wherein the switching elements are disposed:

between the first sub-common electrode and the second sub-common electrode;

between the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode; or

between the first sub-common electrode and the second sub-common electrode and between the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode.

12. A method of manufacturing a display substrate, the method comprising:

forming a reflective layer on a base substrate comprising a pixel area comprising a transmissive area and a reflective area, the reflective layer formed in the reflective area;

forming a first sub-pixel electrode in the reflective area, and a second sub-pixel electrode in the transmissive area;

forming a first sub-common electrode spaced apart from the first sub-pixel electrode by a first distance in the reflective area, and a second sub-common electrode spaced apart from the second sub-pixel electrode by a second distance in the transmissive area, the second distance being less than the first distance; and

forming switching elements at the center of the pixel area, the switching elements being electrically connected to respective ones of the first sub-pixel electrode, the second sub-pixel electrode, the first sub-common electrode, and the second sub-common electrode.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first sub-pixel electrode, the second sub-pixel electrode, the first sub-common electrode and the second sub-common electrode are simultaneously patterned using one mask.

14. The method of claim 12 , further comprising forming an insulation layer on the base substrate, the insulation layer comprising an embossing pattern in the reflective area,

wherein the reflective layer is disposed on the embossing pattern.

15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising forming a color filter pattern on the base substrate including the reflective layer,

wherein a thickness of the insulation layer in the reflective area is greater than that of the insulation layer in the transmissive area, and a thickness of the color filter pattern in the reflective area is less than that of the color filter pattern in the transmissive area.

16. A liquid crystal display (LCD) device, comprising:

a display substrate comprising a base substrate comprising a pixel area comprising a transmissive area and a reflective area, a reflective layer disposed in the reflective area, a common electrode comprising a first sub-common electrode disposed in the reflective area and a second sub-common electrode disposed in the transmissive area, and a pixel electrode comprising a first sub-pixel electrode spaced apart from the first sub-common electrode by a first distance in the reflective area and a second sub-pixel electrode spaced apart from the second sub-common electrode by a second distance in the transmissive area, the second distance being less than the first distance;

an opposite substrate facing the display substrate;

a liquid crystal layer disposed between the opposite substrate and the display substrate; and

switching elements disposed at the center of the pixel region and electrically connected to respective ones of the first sub-pixel electrode, the second sub-pixel electrode, the first sub-common electrode, and the second sub-common electrode.

17. The LCD device of claim 16 , wherein a cell gap of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the transmissive area is substantially equal to that of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflective area.

18. The LCD device of claim 16 , further comprising:

a first polarization plate disposed under the display substrate; and

a second polarization plate disposed over the opposite substrate, the second polarization plate having an adhesive layer including scattering particles spread thereon.

19. The LCD device of claim 16 , further comprising:

a first polarization plate disposed under the display substrate;

a diffusion plate disposed over the opposite substrate and comprising scattering particles; and

a second polarization plate disposed over the diffusion plate.

20. The LCD device of claim 16 , wherein the switching elements are disposed:

between the first sub-common electrode and the second sub-common electrode;

between the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode; or

between the first sub-common electrode and the second sub-common electrode and between the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode.