Functional surface coating
Compositions and methods of preparing functional thin films or surface coatings with low non-specific binding are described. The thin films contain specified functional groups and non-specific binding repellant components. The thin films are either covalently bound to or passively adsorbed to various solid substrates. The specified functional group provides specified activity for the thin film modified solid surfaces and non-specific binding repellant components significantly reduce the non-specific binding to the thin film modified solid surfaces. Non-specific binding repellant components do not affect specified functional group's activity in the thin films. In these methods, specified functional groups are anchored to the solid substrates through a spacer. Surface coatings are also described having both non-specific protein binding properties combined with functional groups for specific binding activity thereby providing surface coating that specifically recognize target proteins but limit binding to non-specific protein.
1. A packaged formulation for preparing functionalized surface coatings having low non-specific binding characteristics suitable for application to a substrate comprising an effective amount of active component, an effective amount of a cross-linking component and an effective amount of matrix forming component, whereby said active component, said cross-linking component and said matrix forming component form an integrally enmeshed matrix that provides a functionalized surface having low non-specific binding characteristics; and instructions to apply the components onto a substrate surface.
2. The packaged formulation of claim 1 , wherein said active component includes a functional group, a spacer group and a binding group.
3. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said functional group facilitates specific analyte binding and is selected from the group consisting of biotin, methoxy-polyethylene glycol, N-hydroxy succinimide esters, nitrophenyl esters, carboxylates, vinyls, nitrenes, aldehyde groups, phenylboronic acid, salicylhydroxamic acid, hydroxyl groups, amine groups, imine groups, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, amide groups, imides, cyanides, hydrazides, succinimides, maleimide, thiols, halides, azido groups, phenyl groups, sulfonates, isothiocyante, isocyanate, oxazolines, epoxides, nitrobenzyls, oxazoline, acid chloride, chloroformate, disulfide pyridyl, azlactone, cyanogen bromide, fluoroarenes, fluorocarbons, disulfides, isocyanides, sulfates, heparin, peptides, nucleotides, polynucleotides, organic silicon compounds and organic phosphate compounds, ethylene glycol oligomers, acrylamides, pyrollidones, polysaccharides and polar synthetic polymers.
4. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said functional group facilitates specific analyte binding and is biotin, methoxy-polyethylene glycol, succinimide, succinimidyl propionate, streptavidin, or aldehyde.
5. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said functional group facilitates specific analyte binding and is biotin.
6. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said spacer group is selected from the group consisting of bifunctional, linear, star-shape, and comb-like polyethylene glycols, polyethylenimines, polystyrene, polysiloxanes, polyurethanes, proteins, poly(amino acids), polypyrollidones, polyphosphazenes, telechelic surface-active block copolymers, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, polymethacrylates, polysaccharides, saccharide monomers, proetoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers.
7. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said spacer group is a linear polyethylene glycol, star-shape PEG molecule, or a comb-like PEG molecule.
8. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said spacer group is a linear PEG molecule.
9. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said binding group is selected from the group consisting of silanes, methacrylates, succinimidyl derivative of propionic acid, disulfides, disilazanes, sulfhydryls, acrylates, carboxylates, isonitriles, isocyanates and phosphoamidites, nitrenes, epoxides, hydrosilyl, esters, arenes, azidos, nitriles, quinones, and vinyl groups.
10. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said binding group is alkoxysilane or chlorosilane.
11. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said binding group is an alkoxysilane.
12. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said binding group is succinimidyl derivative of propionic acid.
13. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said cross-linking component is a molecule comprised of at least two reactive groups selected from the list consisting of methacrylates, acrylates, epoxides, silanes, perfluorophenyl azides, aryl azides, acyl azides, azidoformates, sulfonyl azides, phosphoryl azides, diazoalkanes, diazoketones, diazoacetates, beta-keto-alpha-diazoacetates, aliphatic azo, diazirines, ketenes, photoactivated ketones, dialkyl peroxidases, diacyl peroxidases, and quinones.
14. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said cross-linking component is azido silane.
15. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said matrix-forming component is selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene-based surface-active substances, including, polyoxyethylene sorbitan tetraoleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate, polyoxyethylene 6 tridecyl ether, polyoxyethylene 12 tridecyl ether, polyoxyethylene 18 tridecyl ether, non-ionic surfactants, polyoxyethlene-polyoxypropylene copolymers, linear PEG molecules, star-shaped PEG molecules, comb-shaped and dendrimeric, hyperbrached PEG molecules, linear, star, and dendrimer polyamine polymers, carbonated, perfluorinated and siliconated surfactants, and casein, serum dilutions, bovine serum albumin, glycolipids and lipids, heparin, muscin and polysaccharides.
16. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said matrix-forming component is polyoxyethylene sorbitan tetraoleate, a non-ionic surfactant, or block co-polymers.
17. The packaged formulation of claim 2 , wherein said matrix-forming component is polyoxyethylene sorbitan tetraoleate.