Mercury reduction system and mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury
View Patent ↗A mercury reduction system according to the present embodiment is a mercury reduction system that reduces NOx and Hg in flue gas discharged from a boiler, and includes a chemical supplying unit that mixes an NH 4 Cl solution, an NH 3 solution, and an HCl solution in liquid states, and supplies a mixed solution into a flue provided downstream of the boiler, a reduction denitration apparatus that includes a denitration catalyst reducing NOx in the flue gas with NH 3 and oxidizing Hg in the presence of HCl, and a wet desulfurization apparatus that reduces Hg oxidized in the reduction denitration apparatus with limestone-gypsum slurry.
1. A mercury reduction system that reduces nitrogen oxide and mercury in flue gas discharged from a boiler, the mercury reduction system comprising:
a chemical supplying unit that mixes at least two or more of a reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxide in the flue gas on a denitration catalyst, a mercury chlorinating agent for oxidizing mercury in a presence of hydrogen chloride, and an oxidation-reduction agent for reducing nitrogen oxide in the flue gas on a denitration catalyst and for oxidizing mercury in the presence of hydrogen chloride, all in liquid states or all in gaseous states, and supplies a resultant mix into a flue of the boiler;
a reduction denitration apparatus that includes a denitration catalyst for reducing nitrogen oxide in the flue gas with ammonia and for oxidizing mercury in the presence of hydrogen chloride; and
a wet desulfurization apparatus that reduces mercury oxidized in the reduction denitration apparatus with an alkali absorbent.
2. The mercury reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein
the reducing agent, the mercury chlorinating agent, and the oxidation-reduction agent are liquid materials, and
the chemical supplying unit sprays a mixed solution obtained by mixing at least two or more of the liquid materials in a liquid state.
3. The mercury reduction system according to claim 2 , wherein the oxidation-reduction agent is an ammonium halide.
4. The mercury reduction system according to claim 2 , wherein the reducing agent is ammonia or urea.
5. The mercury reduction system according to claim 2 , wherein the mercury chlorinating agent is a hydrogen halide.
6. The mercury reduction system according to claim 2 , wherein
the chemical supplying unit includes
a chemical feed pipe that feeds the liquid materials into a flue in a liquid state,
a blow pipe that is inserted into the flue so as to surround the chemical feed pipe, and has an injection hole used to inject air supplied therein into the flue, and
an injection nozzle that is fitted to an end of the chemical feed pipe and through which the liquid materials are injected, and
the liquid materials are sprayed into the flue accompanied with the air.
7. The mercury reduction system according to claim 6 , wherein the injection nozzle is a two-fluid nozzle through which the liquid materials and the air for spraying the liquid materials are injected.
8. The mercury reduction system according to claim 2 , wherein
the chemical supplying unit includes
an oxidation-reduction agent feed pipe through which the oxidation-reduction agent is supplied into the flue in a liquid state,
an air feed pipe that is inserted into the flue so as to surround the oxidation-reduction agent feed pipe and through which air for spraying the oxidation-reduction agent is supplied into the flue, and
a two-fluid nozzle that is fixed to an end of the oxidation-reduction agent feed pipe and the air feed pipe, and through which the oxidation-reduction agent and the air are injected, wherein
the oxidation-reduction agent is sprayed into the flue accompanied with the air.
9. The mercury reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein
the reducing agent and the mercury chlorinating agent are gaseous materials, and
the chemical supplying unit injects mixed gas obtained by mixing at least two or more of the gaseous materials.
10. The mercury reduction system according to claim 9 , wherein the reducing agent is ammonia.
11. The mercury reduction system according to claim 9 , wherein the mercury chlorinating agent is a hydrogen halide.
12. The mercury reduction system according to claim 1 , wherein temperature of the flue gas is equal to or more than 320° C. and equal to or less than 420° C.
13. The mercury reduction system according to claim 1 , further comprising a nitrogen oxide concentration meter that is provided upstream and downstream of the reduction denitration apparatus, and measures concentration of nitrogen oxide in the flue gas.
14. The mercury reduction system according to claim 1 , further comprising an ammonia supplying unit that is provided between the chemical supplying unit and the reduction denitration apparatus, and supplies ammonia into the flue.
15. The mercury reduction system according to claim 1 , further comprising a hydrogen chloride supplying unit that is provided between the chemical supplying unit and the reduction denitration apparatus, and supplies hydrogen chloride into the flue.
16. A mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury for reducing nitrogen oxide and mercury in flue gas discharged from a boiler, the mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury comprising:
a step of chemical supplying for mixing at least two or more of a reducing agent that reduces nitrogen oxide in the flue gas on a denitration catalyst, a mercury chlorinating agent that oxidizes mercury in a presence of hydrogen chloride, and an oxidation-reduction agent that reduces nitrogen oxide in the flue gas on a denitration catalyst and oxidizes mercury in the presence of hydrogen chloride, as in liquid states or all in gaseous states, and for supplying a resultant mix into a flue of the boiler;
a step of reduction denitration treating for reducing nitrogen oxide in the flue gas on the denitration catalyst with ammonia and oxidizing mercury in the presence of hydrogen chloride; and
a step of wet desulfurizing for reducing mercury oxidized at the step of reduction denitration treating with an alkali absorbent.
17. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 16 , wherein
the reducing agent, the mercury chlorinating agent, and the oxidation-reduction agent are liquid materials, and
a mixed solution obtained at the step of chemical supplying by mixing at least two or more of the liquid materials is sprayed in liquid states.
18. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 17 , wherein the oxidation-reduction agent is an ammonium halide.
19. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 17 , wherein the reducing agent is ammonia or urea.
20. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 17 , wherein the mercury chlorinating agent is a hydrogen halide.
21. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 17 , wherein the liquid materials are sprayed with a two-fluid nozzle at the step of chemical supplying.
22. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 17 , further comprising:
a step of nitrogen oxide concentration measuring that is provided prior to and subsequent to the step of reduction denitration treating, and measures concentration of nitrogen oxide in the flue gas; and
a step of mercury concentration measuring that is provided subsequent to the step of reduction denitration treating, and measures concentration of mercury in the flue gas, wherein
concentrations of the liquid materials in the mixed solution are adjusted based on at least one of the concentration of nitrogen oxide in the flue gas obtained at the step of nitrogen oxide concentration measuring and the concentration of mercury in the flue gas obtained at the step of mercury concentration measuring, or both of them.
23. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 17 , wherein
concentrations of the liquid materials in the mixed solution are measured, and
supplies of the liquid materials are adjusted based on the concentrations of the liquid materials.
24. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 17 , wherein
the reducing agent and the mercury chlorinating agent are gaseous materials, and
mixed gas obtained by mixing at least two or more of the gaseous materials is sprayed at the step of chemical supplying.
25. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 24 , wherein the gaseous material used as the reducing agent is ammonia.
26. The mercury reduction method of flue gas containing mercury according to claim 24 , wherein the mercury chlorinating agent is a hydrogen halide.