Acoustic isolator
An acoustic isolator for use with tubular assemblies such as drillpipe or production tubing comprising an acoustic wave transmitter, the acoustic isolator comprising, in series connection, an odd integer λ/4 multiple tuning bar of first acoustic impedance adjacent the acoustic wave transmitter, an odd integer λ/4 multiple reflector tube of second acoustic impedance, and a snubber of third acoustic impedance, wherein there is an acoustic impedance mismatch between the odd integer λ/4 multiple tuning bar and the odd integer λ/4 multiple reflector tube and an acoustic impedance mismatch between the odd integer λ/4 multiple reflector tube and snubber, such that a ‘down’ wave propagated toward the isolator is reflected back substantially in phase with an ‘up’ wave propagated from the acoustic wave source away from the isolator. Furthermore, the acoustic isolator is similarly effective in reflecting ‘up’ propagating waves originating from below the isolator, hence further protecting the acoustic wave source from possible deleterious interference.
1. An acoustic isolator for use with tubular assemblies comprising an acoustic wave transmitter, the acoustic isolator comprising, in series connection:
a first tubular member of a first acoustic impedance connectable adjacent to the acoustic wave transmitter and having a length that is an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength (λ/4) of a representative acoustic wave;
a second tubular member of a second acoustic impedance that is less than the first acoustic impedance and having a length that is an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength (λ/4) of the representative acoustic wave; and
a third tubular member of a third acoustic impedance that is greater than the second acoustic impedance;
whereby a first wave propagated by the transmitter toward the first tubular member is reflected back substantially in phase with a second wave propagated at the same time by the transmitter away from the first tubular member;
wherein the tubular assemblies are a part of a downhole drill-string, the acoustic wave transmitter is for acoustic telemetry, the first tubular member is a tuning bar, the second tubular member is a reflector tube, and the third tubular member is a snubber.
2. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reflector tube is composed of a material that has a lower density than the material composing the tuning bar.
3. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 2 wherein the reflector tube composition includes titanium and the tuning bar comprises a steel drill collar.
4. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reflector tube has a smaller wall cross sectional area than the tuning bar.
5. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 4 wherein the tuning bar comprises a steel drill collar, and the reflector tube has a composition that includes steel and has a smaller wall cross sectional area than the tuning bar, thereby providing the reflector tube with a lesser acoustic impedance than the tuning bar.
6. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 4 wherein the tuning bar comprises a steel drill collar, and the reflector tube has a composition that is of lower density than steel and has a smaller wall cross sectional area than the tuning bar, thereby providing the reflector tube with a lesser acoustic impedance than the tuning bar.
7. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the snubber has a length shorter than λ/4 of the representative acoustic wave.
8. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 7 wherein the snubber comprises a steel drill collar of the same composition and wall thickness as the tuning bar.
9. An acoustic isolator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the tuning bar comprises a steel drill collar and the reflector tube has a composition that includes steel and has a smaller wall cross-sectional area than the tuning bar, and the snubber has a composition that includes steel and lead or a material with similarly or higher density than lead thereby providing the snubber with a higher acoustic impedance than the reflector tube.
10. An acoustic isolator of claim 1 wherein the acoustic impedances of the first and third tubular members are substantially equal.
11. An acoustic isolator of claim 1 wherein the third acoustic impedance is substantially different than the first acoustic impedance.
12. An acoustic isolator for use with tubular assemblies comprising an acoustic wave transmitter, the acoustic isolator comprising, in series connection:
a first tubular member of a first acoustic impedance connectable adjacent to the acoustic wave transmitter and having a length that is an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength (λ/4) of a representative acoustic wave;
a second tubular member of a second acoustic impedance that is less than the first acoustic impedance and having a length that is an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength (λ/4) of the representative acoustic wave; and
a third tubular member of a third acoustic impedance that is greater than the second acoustic impedance;
whereby a first wave propagated by the transmitter toward the first tubular member is reflected back substantially in phase with a second wave propagated at the same time by the transmitter away from the first tubular member;
wherein the tubular assemblies are part of coiled tubing for shallow well drilling, and the acoustic wave transmitter is for acoustic telemetry, the first tubular member is a tuning bar, the second tubular member is a reflector tube, and the third tubular member is a snubber.
13. An acoustic isolator of claim 12 wherein the acoustic impedances of the first and third tubular members are substantially equal.
14. An acoustic isolator of claim 12 wherein the third acoustic impedance is substantially different than the first acoustic impedance.
15. An acoustic isolator for use with tubular assemblies comprising an acoustic wave transmitter, the acoustic isolator comprising, in series connection:
a first tubular member of a first acoustic impedance connectable adjacent to the acoustic wave transmitter and having a length that is an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength (λ/4) of a representative acoustic wave;
a second tubular member of a second acoustic impedance that is less than the first acoustic impedance and having a length that is an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength (λ/4) of the representative acoustic wave; and
a third tubular member of a third acoustic impedance that is greater than the second acoustic impedance;
whereby a first wave propagated by the transmitter toward the first tubular member is reflected back substantially in phase with a second wave propagated at the same time by the transmitter away from the first tubular member;
wherein the tubular assemblies are pipes used in production wells, and the acoustic wave transmitter is for acoustic telemetry, the first tubular member is a tuning bar, the second tubular member is a reflector tube, and the third tubular member is a snubber.
16. An acoustic isolator of claim 15 wherein the acoustic impedances of the first and third tubular members are substantially equal.
17. An acoustic isolator of claim 15 wherein the third acoustic impedance is substantially different than the first acoustic impedance.