High strength clay blend for sanitary ware
View Patent ↗A blend of ball clays for use as the ball clay component of a slip to produce a ceramic sanitary ware item by a slip casting process. The clay blend including 20-50 percent of a fine-grained ball clay with a low carbon content and 45-55 percent of its particles having a size less than 0.5 microns and about 85-95 percent of the particles less than about 20 microns.
1. A blend of ball clays for use as the ball clay component of a slip to produce a ceramic sanitary ware item by a slip casting process, said clay blend including 20-50 weight percent of a fine-grained ball clay having a carbon content of less than 0.20 weight percent, 45-55 weight percent of its particles having a size less than 0.5 microns and about 85-95 weight percent of the particles having a size less than about 20 microns.
2. The blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein said fine-grained ball clay has a MOR greater than 450 psi.
3. The blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein the casting rate of said fine-grained clay is in the range of 30-60 grams per hour.
4. The blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein said carbon content is in the range of 0.07 to 0.15 weight percent.
5. The blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein the MOR of the blend is greater than about 350 psi.
6. The blend as defined in claim 1 wherein the casting rate of the blend is in the range of 45-55 grams per hour.
7. The blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein the casting rate of the blend is greater than about 45 grams per hour.
8. The blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein said blend includes only two ball clays as characteristic contributing clays where characteristic contributing is defined as a clay amounting to greater than 5-10 weight percent of said blend.
9. A blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein the clay blended with said fine-grained clay is a coarse-grained clay of the type traditionally used in slip casting of sanitary ware.
10. A slip using the clay blend as defined in claim 1 , wherein 30-45 weight percent by weight of said slip is said blend.
11. The slip as defined in claim 10 , wherein the solids content of said slip is in the range of 40-80 weight percent by weight of said slip.
12. The slip as defined in claim 10 , including at least one of kaolin, feldspar and silica.
13. The slip as defined in claim 12 , wherein said kaolin is in the range of 8-18 weight percent by weight of the slip.
14. A slip as defined in claim 12 , wherein said feldspar is in the range of 37-45 weight percent by weight of the slip.
15. A slip as defined in claim 12 wherein said silica is in the range of 5-13 weight percent by weight of the slip.
16. The slip as defined in claim 12 , wherein said fine-grained ball clay is in the range of 8-21 weight percent of the slip.
17. The slip as defined in claim 10 , wherein said fine-grained ball clay is in the range of 8-21 weight percent of the slip.
18. A slurry formed from the blend defined in claim 1 .
19. The slurry as defined in claim 18 including an inorganic electrolyte.
20. The slurry as defined in claim 19 , wherein said inorganic electrolyte is sodium silicate.
21. The blend as defined in claim 1 wherein said fine-grained ball clay includes at least 60 weight percent silicon dioxide and at least 24 weight percent aluminum dioxide.
22. The slip as defined in claim 10 having a density of 1.7 to 2.0 g/cm 3 .
23. A blend of ball clays for use as the ball clay component of a slip to produce a ceramic sanitary ware item by a slip casting process, said clay blend including (a) 20-50 weight percent of a fine-grained ball clay, and (b) a coarse-grained ball clay having less than 30 weight percent of its particles with a particle size less than 0.5 microns, and a carbon content of at least about 0.8 weight percent and an MOR of less than 500 psi.
24. A blend of ball clays for use as the ball clay component of a slip to produce a ceramic sanitary ware item by a slip casting process, said clay blend including 20-50 weight percent of a fine-grained ball clay, 45-55 weight percent of its particles having a size less than 0.5 microns and about 85-95 weight percent of the particles having a size less than about 20 microns, wherein the MOR of the blend is in the range of 350-500 psi.
25. A blend of ball clays for use as the ball clay component of a slip to produce a ceramic sanitary ware item by a slip casting process, said clay blend including 20-50 weight percent of a gray to black clay containing lignite and siderite, 45-55 percent of its particles having a size less than 0.5 microns and about 85-95 weight percent of the particles having a size less than about 20 microns.
26. The blend as defined in claim 25 , wherein the MOR of the blend is in the range of 350-500 psi.