Methods of tissue-based diagnosis
The current invention provides methods, as well as compositions useful in such methods, involving application of energy to a tissue of interest to generate a liquefied sample comprising tissue constituents so as to provide for rapid tissue sampling, as well as qualitative and/or quantitative detection of analytes that may be part of tissue constituents (e.g., several types of biomolecules, drugs, and microbes). Determination of tissue composition can be used in a variety of applications, including diagnosis or prognosis of local as well as systemic diseases, evaluating bioavailability of therapeutics in different tissues following drug administration, forensic detection of drugs-of-abuse, evaluating changes in the tissue microenvironment following exposure to a harmful agent, and various other applications.
1. A method for generating a liquefied tissue sample from a subject in vivo, the method comprising:
producing the liquefied tissue sample from the subject's tissue in vivo, the subject being a mammalian or non-mammalian animal, by:
applying energy to a desired skin surface location in the subject; and
applying a composition to the desired skin surface location in the subject, the composition comprising an anionic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant in a ratio of about 3:1 to about 1:3 and a total surfactant concentration of about 1% (w/v); and
collecting the liquefied tissue sample from the subject,
the non-ionic surfactant comprising polyethylene glycol dodecyl ether; and
the anionic surfactant comprising N-lauroyl sarcosine.
2. The method of claim 1 , the composition comprising the anionic surfactant and the non-ionic surfactant in a ratio of about 1:1.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionic surfactant consists essentially of polyethylene glycol (4) dodecyl ether.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applying energy comprises applying mechanical energy.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the desired skin surface location in the subject comprises keratinized tissue.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising collecting at least one analyte from the liquefied tissue sample.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a protein.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a cancer biomarker.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises an antibody.
10. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a peptide.
11. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a lipid.
12. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a nucleic acid.
13. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a small molecule.
14. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a microbe.
15. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a warfare agent.
16. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises an environmental contaminant.
17. The method of claim 6 , wherein the analyte comprises a drug.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
removing at least a portion of the liquefied tissue sample to leave an exposed area at the desired skin surface location in the subject; and
applying a therapeutic composition to the exposed area at the desired skin surface location in the subject.
19. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
removing at least a portion of the liquefied tissue sample to leave an exposed area at the desired skin surface location in the subject; and
applying a cosmetic composition to the exposed area at the desired skin surface location in the subject.