Catalyst for producing carboxylic acid esters, process for producing same and process for producing carboxylic acid esters
Disclosed is a catalyst for use in production of carboxylic acid ester by reacting (a) aldehyde and alcohol, or (b) one or more types of alcohols, in the presence of oxygen; wherein oxidized nickel and X (wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, gold, silver and copper) are loaded onto a support within the range of the atomic ratio of Ni/(Ni+X) of from 0.20 to 0.99.
1. A catalyst for use in production of carboxylic acid ester by reacting (a) aldehyde and alcohol, or (b) one or more types of alcohols, in the presence of oxygen, comprising:
oxidized nickel; and
X (wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, ruthenium, gold, and silver) loaded onto a support within a range of an atomic ratio of Ni/(Ni+X) of from 0.20 to 0.99.
2. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1 , comprising a composite nanoparticle composed of the oxidized nickel and the X (wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, ruthenium, gold, and silver).
3. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 2 , wherein the composite nanoparticle is a particle having X at a core thereof and a surface of the core is covered with the oxidized nickel.
4. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the oxidized nickel is further independently loaded onto the support, in addition to the composite nanoparticle.
5. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the oxidized nickel is a nickel oxide and/or a composite oxide containing nickel.
6. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the support is an aluminum-containing silica-based composition containing silica and alumina, and an amount of aluminum is within a range of from 1 to 30 mol %, based on a total molar amount of the silicon and the aluminum.
7. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 6 , wherein the support further comprises at least one species of basic metal component selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and a rare earth metal.
8. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 7 , wherein a compositional ratio of nickel to the basic metal component is from 0.01 to 1.2 in terms of an atomic ratio of Ni/(the alkali metal+the alkaline earth metal+the rare earth metal).
9. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 6 , wherein a compositional ratio of nickel to alumina is from 0.01 to 1.0 in terms of an atomic ratio of Ni/Al.
10. The catalyst for use in production of carboxylic acid ester according to claim 2 , wherein the average particle diameter of X is in the range of 2 to 15 nm.
11. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the support is a silica-alumina-magnesia composition containing silica, alumina and magnesia, and comprises silicon at 42 to 90 mol %, aluminum at 5.5 to 38 mol % and magnesium at 4 to 38 mol %, based on a total molar amount of silicon, aluminum and magnesium.
12. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 11 , wherein the composition ratio of nickel to alumina is from 0.01 to 1.0 in terms of the atomic ratio of Ni/Al, and the composition ratio of nickel to magnesia is from 0.01 to 1.2 in terms of an atomic ratio of Ni/Mg.
13. The catalyst for use in production of the carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1 or 2 , has a specific surface area of from 20 to 350 m 2 /g, a maximum frequency of a pore diameter is from 3 to 50 nm, a pore volume is from 0.1 to 1.0 mL/g, and a particle diameter is from 10 to 200 μm.
14. A process of producing a catalyst for use in production of carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1 , comprising:
a first step of obtaining a catalyst precursor by precipitating nickel and a component X (wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, ruthenium, gold, and silver) on a support by neutralizing an acidic solution of a soluble metal salt containing nickel and X; and
a second step of oxidizing the nickel by heat-treating the obtained catalyst precursor.
15. A process for producing carboxylic acid ester comprising a step of reacting the catalyst for use in production of carboxylic acid ester according to claim 1 or 2 , with (a) aldehyde and alcohol, or (b) one or more types of alcohols, in the presence of oxygen.
16. The process for producing carboxylic acid ester according to claim 15 , wherein the aldehyde is a compound selected from acrolein, methacrolein and a mixture thereof.
17. The process for producing carboxylic acid ester according to claim 15 , wherein the aldehyde is a compound selected from acrolein, methacrolein and a mixture thereof, and the alcohol is methanol.
18. The process for producing carboxylic acid ester according to claim 15 , wherein one type of the alcohol is ethylene glycol, and another type of the alcohol is methanol.