Pipes for transporting water containing chloramine
This invention is related to the preparation of polyethylene pipe resins suitable for transporting water containing chlorine.
1. A method of transporting water containing chlorine through a pipe, wherein the pipe is formed from a bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin comprising:
a high molecular weight (HMW), low density fraction; and
a low molecular weight (LMW), high density fraction;
wherein the HMW, low density fraction and the LMW, high density fraction are produced either with two or more single site catalyst systems in a single reactor or with a single site catalyst system in two serially connected reactors;
wherein at least one of the single site catalyst systems is a metallocene catalyst system comprising a bisindenyl or a bis tetrahydroindenyl catalyst component of formula R″(Ind) 2 MQ 2 ; and
wherein Ind is a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl or tetrahydroindenyl group, R″ is a structural bridge imparting stereorigidity to the complex, M is a metal Group 4 of the Periodic Table and Q is a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atom or a halogen.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin has a density of from 0.915 to 0.965 g/cc.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin is prepared by physical blending.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin is prepared by chemical blending in a solution polymerisation process, slurry polymerisation process or a gas phase process.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin is prepared in two or more serially connected slurry loop reactors.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin has a density of from 0.930 to 0.949 g/cc and a melt index MI 2 of from 0.3 to 1 dg/min;
wherein the HMW, low density fraction has a density of from 0.908 to 0.928 g/cc and a high load melt index HLMI of from 2 to 12 dg/min; and
wherein the LMW, high density fraction has a density of from 0.930 to 0.975 g/cc and a melt index MI 2 of from 0.5 to 10 dg/min.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin comprises from 50 to 60 wt. % of the HMW, low density fraction and 40 to 50 wt. % of the LMW, high density fraction.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pipe is a single layer pipe.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pipe is a multi layer pipe, and wherein at least one of the layers is prepared with the bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of chlorine is from a smallest detectable amount up to an existing upper tolerance of 4 mg per liter of water.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water temperature is of from 0 to 90° C.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LMW, high density fraction is prepared in a first reactor and the HMW, low density fraction is prepared in the presence of the LMW, high density fraction.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the HMW, low density fraction and the LMW, high density fraction are produced in two serially connected loop reactors with the same catalyst system.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two or more single site catalyst systems are each metallocene catalyst systems, or wherein the single site catalyst system is a metallocene catalyst system.
15. A method of transporting water containing chlorine through a pipe, wherein the pipe is formed from a bi- or multi-modal polyethylene resin comprising:
a high molecular weight (HMW), low density fraction; and
a low molecular weight (LMW), high density fraction;
wherein the HMW, low density fraction and the LMW, high density fraction are produced either with two or more single site catalyst systems in a single reactor or with a single site catalyst system in two serially connected reactors; and
wherein at least one of the single site catalyst systems is a metallocene catalyst system.