Cycloalkylamines as monoamine reuptake inhibitors

1. A compound having a structure according to Formula (II):

wherein

m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10;

Ar is

wherein

Y and Z are (i) both halogen; or (ii) one of Y and Z is CF 3 or OCF 3 , and the other is hydrogen;

each X is independently H, halogen, CF 3 , OR 5 , acyl, C(O)OR 5 , NR 6 R 7 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl;

wherein

each R 5 is independently H, acyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl;

each R 6 and R 7 is independently H, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

each R 1 and R 2 is independently H, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and

R 3 and R 4 are each independently H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof;

wherein substituents for alkyl or heteroalkyl radicals are selected from unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted heteroalkyl, unsubstituted aryl, unsubstituted heteroaryl, unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, —OR′, ═O, ═NR′, ═N—OR′, —NR′R″, —SR′, -halogen, —SiR′R″R′″, —OC(O)R′, —C(O)R′, —CO 2 R′, —CONR′R″, —OC(O)NR′R″, —NR″C(O)R′, —NR′—C(O)NR″R′″, —NR″CO 2 R′, —NR—C(NR′R″R′″)═NR″″, —NR—C(NR′R″)═NR′″, —S(O)R′, —S(O) 2 R′, —S(O) 2 NR′R″, —NRSO 2 R′, —CN and —NO 2 in a number ranging from zero to (2m′+1), where m′ is the total number of carbon atoms in such a radical; R′, R″, R′″ and R′″ are each independently selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted heteroalkyl, unsubstituted aryl, unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy groups, or arylalkyl groups; and

substituents for aryl radicals are selected from unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted heteroalkyl, unsubstituted aryl, unsubstituted heteroaryl, unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, —OR′, ═O, ═NR′, ═N—OR′, —NR′R″, —SR′, -halogen, —SiR′R″R′″, —OC(O)R′, —C(O)R′, —CO 2 R′, —CONR′R″, —OC(O)NR′R″, —NR″C(O)R′, —NR′—C(O)NR″R′″, —NR″CO 2 R′, —NR—C(NR′R″R′″)═NR″″, —NR—C(NR′R″)═NR′″, —S(O)R′, —S(O) 2 R′, —S(O) 2 NR′R″, —NRSO 2 R′, —CN, —NO 2 , —R′, —N 3 , —CH(Ph) 2 , fluoro(C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy, and fluoro(C 1 -C 4 )alkyl, in a number ranging from zero to the total number of open valences on the aromatic ring system; and where R′, R″, R′″ and R′″ are each independently selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted heteroalkyl, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted heteroaryl.

2. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein said compound is chiral.

3. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein said compound has the structure:

wherein

X 1 and X 2 are each independently H, halogen, CF 3 , OR 5 , NR 6 R 7 , substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 heteroalkyl.

4. The compound according to claim 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein X 1 and X 2 are each independently H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, OH, OMe, OEt, F, Cl, CH 2 OH, CH 2 OMe, or CF 3 .

5. The compound according to claim 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein R 1 is H or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.

6. The compound according to claim 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein R 3 and R 4 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl.

7. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein Y and Z are each independently a halogen.

8. A composition comprising a first stereoisomer of a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, and at least one additional stereoisomer of a compound according to claim 1 , wherein said first stereoisomer is present in a diastereomeric excess of at least 80% relative to said at least one additional stereoisomer, and said first stereoisomer and said at least one additional stereoisomer are stereoisomers of one another.

9. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

10. A method of inhibiting binding of a monoamine transporter ligand to a monoamine transporter, said method comprising contacting said monoamine transporter and a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, in the presence of said monoamine transporter ligand, wherein said monoamine transporter is serotonin transporter, dopamine transporter, or norepinephrine transporter, or a combination thereof.

11. A method of inhibiting the activity of at least one monoamine transporter, said method comprising contacting said monoamine transporter and a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein said monoamine transporter is serotonin transporter, dopamine transporter, or norepinephrine transporter, or a combination thereof.

12. A method of treating a central nervous system disorder, said method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein said central nervous system disorder is depression.

13. The compound according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

(±) 1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)ethanamine;

(R)-1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)ethanamine;

(S)-1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)ethanamine;

1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-N-methylethanamine;

1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)propan-1-amine;

1-(1-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine;

1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-N-methylmethanamine;

(1-(4-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-N-methylmethanamine;

(1-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine; or

cis-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyI)-3-((dimethyla mino)methyl)cyclohexanol.

14. The compound according to claim 13 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

(±) 1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)ethanamine;

(R)-1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)ethanamine;

(S)-1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)ethanamine; or

1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexyl)-N-methylethanamine.

15. The compound according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

4-(aminomethyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcyclohexanol;

4-(3,4-dichlorophenyI)-1-methyl-4-((methylamino)methyl)cyclohexanol;

4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-methylcyclohexanol;

trans-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)cyclohexanol;

(1s,4s)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-((dimethylamino)methyl)-cyclohexanol;

4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-ethylcyclohexanol;

1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methoxycyclohexyl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine; or

1-(1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-fluorocyclohexyl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine.

16. The compound according to claim 15 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

4-(aminomethyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylcyclohexanol;

4-(3,4-dichlorophenyI)-1-methyl-4-((methylamino)methyl)cyclohexanol; or

4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-methylcyclohexanol.

17. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

18. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

19. The compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

20. The compound according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

21. The compound according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

22. The compound according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein the compound is:

23. The compound according to claim 7 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture, enantiomerically enriched mixture, or enantiomerically pure form thereof, wherein both Y and Z are Cl.