Groundwater and subsurface remediation
A method of treating a site containing contaminants and apparatus are described The method and apparatus sparges the site with an air/ozone gas stream delivered with a hydroperoxide, which is a substantial byproduct of a reaction of a contaminant present in the aquifer or soil formation with the ozone.
1. An apparatus for treating subsurface water comprising: a microporous diffuser comprising:
a first cylindrical member and a second cylindrical member, each of the first and second cylindrical members having sidewalls comprising a plurality of micropores, the second cylindrical member being coaxially disposed within the first cylindrical member, the first and second cylindrical members being disposed in the subsurface water to deliver at least a first fluid and a second fluid to the first and second cylindrical members, respectively, with one of the fluids forming a coating over the other of the fluids;
an ozone generator;
an air compressor; and
a control mechanism to deliver an air and ozone (O 3 ) mixture from the ozone generator and air compressor to one of the first and second cylindrical members as one of the fluids;
wherein the first and second fluids are different from the subsurface water.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising: a source of a liquid hydroperoxide.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the liquid hydroperoxide is selected from the group consisting of formic peracid, hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide, 1-hydroxylethyl hydroperoxide, and chloroformic peracid or their derivatives.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , the microporous diffuser further comprising a plurality of third cylindrical members disposed within confines of the first cylindrical member and having sidewalls comprising a plurality of micropores.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein air and ozone is delivered to the second cylindrical member and a liquid hydroperoxide is delivered to the plurality of third cylindrical members.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the plurality of third cylindrical members disposed within confines of the first cylindrical member have a porosity characteristic that permits bubbles in a range of 50 to 200 microns to be released from the apparatus.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a feed mechanism to deliver a selected liquid hydroperoxide to at least one of the first and second cylindrical members as the second one of the fluids.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the feed mechanism is a pump.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the air and ozone mixture is delivered to the second cylindrical member and a liquid hydroperoxide is delivered to the first cylindrical member.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein when the air and ozone mixture is delivered to the second cylindrical member, bubbles are produced that tend to travel upwards through soil surrounding the apparatus.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein a sidewall of the first and second cylindrical member has a porosity characteristic that permits bubbles of between 5-200 microns in diameter to be released into a surrounding formation.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 further being disposed through a vadose zone and an underlying aquifer in a soil formation.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 further being coupled to appropriate piping to connect to the air and ozone mixture and the apparatus.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a well having a casing.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 , the casing further comprising an inlet well screen and an outlet well screen to promote recirculation of water into the casing and through surrounding ground area.