Method of manufacturing a multiple layer directionally oriented nonwoven fiber material
View Patent ↗Disclosed herein are embodiments of a multi-layer nonwoven fiber material, and related methods of manufacturing the material. In one exemplary embodiment, the fiber material includes a first layer of directionally aligned fibers together with a second layer of randomly dispersed fibers dispersed over the first layer. Consistent with one exemplary method for manufacturing a nonwoven fiber material, the method includes dispersing a first plurality of fibers horizontally in one or more predetermined directions, as well as dispersing a second plurality of fibers horizontally in random directions. In such an embodiment, the second plurality of fibers is dispersed over the first plurality of fibers. Moreover, an exemplary embodiment of a roofing shingle employing a nonwoven fiber material as described herein is as disclosed.
1. A method for manufacturing a nonwoven fiber material, the method comprising:
providing a three-dimensional forming wire comprising a screen and vertical protuberances projecting from the screen;
dewatering a first plurality of chopped nonwoven fibers from a slurry such that they lay directionally aligned in at least three directions in a plurality of corresponding intersecting linear formations between the protuberances and on the same linear plane, a length of the protuberances determining a thickness of the linear formations, wherein the linear formations having substantially the same thickness as the thickness of the linear plane; and
dewatering a second plurality of chopped nonwoven fibers from the slurry substantially simultaneously with the dewatering of the first plurality of fibers such that the second plurality of fibers lay randomly dispersed coextensive with the first plurality of fibers.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein dewatering the first plurality of fibers further comprises dewatering the first plurality of fibers to lay in the plurality of intersecting linear formations such that fibers within linear formations in one direction are laid randomly interlaced with fibers within linear formations in other directions at intersections of the linear formations.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the overall length of each of the protuberances ranges from about 0.005 inches to about 0.375 inches.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second plurality of chopped nonwoven fibers are selected from the group consisting of: glass fibers, synthetic polymer fibers, ceramic and inorganic fibers, natural fibers, cellulosic fibers, and mixtures of any or all thereof.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each of the chopped nonwoven fibers comprises a diameter ranging from about 0.00001 inches to about 0.0300 inches.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each of the chopped nonwoven fibers comprises a length ranging from about 0.10 inches to about 1.5 inches.
7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the slurry comprises a binding material and the binding material comprises about 5-30% of the nonwoven fiber material by weight.
8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the slurry comprises a binding material and the binding material comprises an organic compound.
9. A method according to claim 8 , wherein the organic compound is selected from the group consisting of acrylic latex, urea-formaldehyde, SBR latex, acrylic emulsions, and mixtures thereof.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the directionally aligned fibers constitute about 50% of the total thickness of the nonwoven fiber material.
11. A method according to claim 1 , wherein dewatering the first and second pluralities of fibers comprises forming the fiber material to have a tear-strength under the Elmendorf Tear Test of about 393 g mean tears when the fiber article has a weight of 1.6 lb/sq, and when 15% of the weight of the nonwoven fiber material is a binding material.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein an overall thickness of the nonwoven fiber material is about 0.035 inches, and the directionally aligned fibers comprise a thickness in the nonwoven fiber material of about 0.002 to 0.010 inches.
13. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the dewatering comprises using vacuum suction.
14. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second plurality of fibers are collectively, horizontally dispersed to a substantially uniform thickness.