Tunable gloss toners
View Patent ↗The present disclosure provides toners having a tunable gloss level, electrophotographic apparatuses for using such toners as well as processes for making such toners.
1. A toner comprising: at least one clear glossy toner having an aluminum content from about 50 ppm to about 100 ppm; and at least one clear matte toner having an aluminum content from about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm; wherein the at least one clear glossy toner and the at least one clear matte toner are present at a weight ratio from about 10:90 to about 90:10 and the toner has a gloss level from about 5 ggu to about 90 ggu.
2. A toner according to claim 1 , wherein each of the at least one clear glossy toner and the at least one matte toner comprises: at least one amorphous resin; at least one crystalline resin; at least one ionic crosslinker; at least one chelating agent; and optionally, one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of waxes, coagulants, and combinations thereof.
3. A toner according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one ionic crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfosilicate, and combinations thereof and the at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), L-glutamic acid N,N diacetic acid, humic acid, fulvic acid, peta-acetic acid, tetra-acetic acid, methylglycine diacetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid and salts and combinations thereof.
4. A toner according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one amorphous resin is of the formula:
wherein m may be from about 5 to about 1000, and the crystalline resin is of the formula:
wherein b is from about 5 to about 2000 and d is from about 5 to about 2000.
5. A toner according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one amorphous resin and the crystalline resin are present at a weight ratio of from about 99% to about 80% of the amorphous resin, to from about 1% to about 20% of the crystalline resin.
6. A process comprising: forming at least one clear glossy having an aluminum content from about 50 ppm to about 100 ppm; forming at least one clear matte toner having an aluminum content from about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm; and contacting the at least one clear glossy toner and the at least one clear matte toner at a weight ratio from about 10:90 to about 90:10 to obtain blended toner having a gloss level from about 5 ggu to about 90 ggu.
7. A process according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one ionic crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfosilicate, and combinations thereof.
8. A process according to claim 6 , wherein each of the at least one clear glossy toner and the at least one matte toner comprises: at least one amorphous resin; at least one crystalline resin; at least one ionic crosslinker; and optionally, one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of waxes, coagulants, chelating agents and combinations thereof.
9. A process according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one amorphous resin and the crystalline resin are present at a weight ratio of from about 99% to about 90% of the amorphous resin, to from about 1% to about 10% of the crystalline resin.
10. A process according to claim 6 , wherein forming of the at least one clear glossy toner further includes: contacting at least one amorphous resin and at least one crystalline resin in an emulsion; contacting the emulsion with at least one ionic crosslinker comprising aluminum; contacting the emulsion with at least one chelating agent; contacting the emulsion with an optional wax and an optional coagulant to form a mixture; aggregating small particles in the mixture to form a plurality of larger aggregates; coalescing the larger aggregates to form clear glossy toner particles; and recovering the particles.
11. A process according to claim 10 , wherein the at least one ionic crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfosilicate, and combinations thereof and the at least one chelating agent selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), L-glutamic acid N,N diacetic acid, humic acid, fulvic acid, peta-acetic acid, tetra-acetic acid, methylglycine diacetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid and salts and combinations thereof.
12. A process according to claim 6 , wherein forming of the at least one clear matte toner further includes: contacting at least one amorphous resin and at least one crystalline resin in an emulsion; contacting the emulsion with at least one ionic crosslinker comprising aluminum; contacting the emulsion with an optional wax and an optional coagulant to form a mixture; aggregating small particles in the mixture to form a plurality of larger aggregates; coalescing the larger aggregates to form clear matter toner particles; and recovering the particles.
13. A process according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one ionic crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfosilicate, and combinations thereof.