Plastically deformable spring energy management systems and methods for making and using the same
In one embodiment, an energy management system can comprise: a support structure; a covering; and a plastically deformable compression spring located between the support structure and the covering. In one embodiment, a method of absorbing energy can comprise: impacting a portion of a vehicle comprising an energy management system and plastically deforming the compression spring. A method for energy management in a vehicle comprises installing the energy management system in a vehicle.
1. A vehicle energy management system, comprising:
a support structure selected from a bumper beam, a body in white, a body in black, a front-end module, a radiator support beam, a bumper support bracket, a component projecting from the body in white, a component projecting from the body in black, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing;
a covering; and
a coil energy absorber made of plastic, wherein the coil energy absorber is located between the support structure and the covering, and wherein the coil energy absorber absorbs energy upon impact;
wherein the coil energy absorber comprises a locking element, and wherein the locking element comprises a plastic element in operational communication with the coil energy absorber, wherein the plastic element plastically deforms upon the application of energy to the plastic element.
2. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the plastic element comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polybutylene terephalate, polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyester, acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides, polyethylene, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing.
3. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the coil energy absorber has a conical geometry such that a first coil is adjacent to a second coil and the first coil has an outer diameter that is less than or equal to an inner diameter of the second coil.
4. The energy management system of claim 1 , comprising sets of coil energy absorbers arranged in series.
5. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the support structure is a bumper beam comprising an upper beam portion and a lower beam portion, and
wherein a first portion of the plurality of coil energy absorbers is located on the upper beam portion and a second portion of the plurality of coil energy absorbers is located on the lower beam portion.
6. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the coil energy absorber is removably attached to the support structure and/or covering.
7. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the coil energy absorber is located on the support structure.
8. The energy management system of claim 7 , wherein the coil energy absorber are configured to have a stiffness of 0.01 kiloNewtons per millimeter to 10 kiloNewtons per millimeter.
9. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the coil energy absorber has a conical geometry that diverges toward the support structure.
10. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the plastic of the coil energy absorber is selected from the group consisting of a thermoplastic, a thermoplastic composite, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing.
11. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein, when the coil energy absorber is impacted, the coil energy absorber has a percent plastic deformation of greater than or equal to 10%.
12. A vehicle comprising the energy management system of claim 1 .
13. The energy management system of claim 1 , wherein the coil energy absorber is thermoplastic.