High strength bainitic steel for OCTG applications
A high strength bainitic steel and a process for producing seamless pipes for OCTG applications are described. In particular, the advantages ensuing to the steel of the invention are the improvement in strength-toughness over tempered martensitic steels, and a simplified thermal treatment. Quenching is not necessary and by avoiding the quenching treatment the microstructure results far more homogeneous, which allows thick walled tubes to be produced. For the same steel composition, in comparison to conventional tempered martensitic structures, a better combination of strength and toughness can be achieved, in particular by tempering as rolled carbide-free bainitic structures.
1. Process A method for the production of high strength bainitic steel seamless pipes comprising the following steps:
a) providing a steel having a composition comprising 0.2-0.4% by weight of C 0.05-1.5% by weight of Mn; 1.0-2.0% by weight of Si and 0-0.5% by weight of Al or, alternatively, 1.0-2.0% by weight of Al and 0-0.5% by weight of Si; 0.5-2.0% by weight of Cr; 0.2-0.5% by weight of Mo; 2.0-3.7% by weight of Ni; the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities;
b) hot rolling said steel at a temperature to obtain a seamless steel pipe;
c) continuously cooling the steel from the rolling temperature naturally in air or by a controlled cooling with an average cooling rate of between 0.10 and 1.0° C. per second in order to obtain mainly cementite-free bainitic structures;
wherein the steel has a transversal toughness that satisfies one or more of the following: a transversal toughness at 24° C. of at least 69-75 J, a transversal toughness at 0° C. of at least 58-68 J, and a transversal toughness at −20° C. of at least 49-52 J.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said average cooling rate is between 0.2 and 0.5° C. per second.
3. A method for the production of high strength bainitic steel seamless pipes comprising the following steps:
a) providing a steel having a composition comprising 0.2-0.4% by weight of C 0.05-1.5% by weight of Mn; 1.0-2.0% by weight of Si and 0-0.5% by weight of Al or, alternatively, 1.0-2.0% by weight of Al and 0-0.5% by weight of Si; 0.5-2.0% by weight of Cr; 0.2-0.5% by weight of Mo; 0.5-3.7% by weight of Ni; the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities;
b) hot rolling said steel at a temperature to obtain a seamless steel pipe;
c) continuously cooling the steel from the rolling temperature naturally in air or by a controlled cooling to obtain mainly bainitic structures;
d) tempering the steel at low temperatures in the range of 200-350° C.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein tempering is carried out at a temperature of about 300° C.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the duration of the tempering step is about 30-60 minutes.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the rolling temperature is between 1250° C. and 950° C.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the steel has a composition comprising 0.23-0.30% by weight of C; 0.05-10% by weight of Mn; 1.2-1.65% by weight of Si and 0-0.5% by weight of Al or, alternatively, 1.2-1.65% by weight of Al and 0-0.5% by weight of Si; 0.7-1.8% by weight of Cr; 0.2-0.3% by weight of Mo; 3.0-3.6% by weight of Ni; the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition of the steel in weight further comprises the following elements: S: 0-0.005%; P: 0-0.015%; O: 0-0.005%; Ca: 0-0.003%; N: 0-0.01%; Cu: 0-0.15%.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the composition of the steel in weight comprises: 0.23-0.30% by weight of C; 0.05-0.7% by weight of Mn; 1.2-1.6% by weight of Si; 0.01-0.94% by weight of Al; 0.7-14% by weight of Cr; 0.2-0.3% by weight of Mo; 2.0-3.6% by weight of Ni; 0-0.003% by weight of S; 0-0.015% by weight of P; 0-0.0015% by weight of I, 0-0.002% by weight of Ca; 0-0.0080% by weight of N; 0-0.15% by weight of Cu; balanced iron save for incidental impurities.
10. A high strength seamless steel pipe for OCTG applications having a composition comprising:
0.2-0.4% by weight of C;
0.05-1.5% by weight of Mn;
1.0-2.0% by weight of Si and 0-0.5% by weight of Al or, alternatively, 1.0-2.0% by weight of Al and 0-0.5% by weight of Si;
0.5-2.0% by weight of Cr;
0.2-0.5% by weight of Mo;
2.0-3.7% by weight of Ni;
0-0.005% by weight of S;
0-0.015% by weight of P;
0-0.005% by weight of O;
0-0.003% by weight of Ca;
0-0.01% by weight of N;
0-0.15% by weight of Cu;
the balance being iron and incidental impurities;
wherein the steel has a mainly cementite-free bainitic microstructure and displays a yield strength of at least 140 ksi and a transversal toughness at room temperature of at least 50 J.
11. The high strength seamless steel pipe according to claim 10 , wherein the steel displays a yield strength of at least 170 ksi.
12. The high strength seamless steel pipe according to claim 10 , wherein the steel has a transversal toughness at 24° C. of at least 69-75 J.
13. The high strength seamless steel pipe according to claim 12 , wherein the steel has a transversal toughness at 0° C. of at least 58-68 J.
14. The high strength seamless steel pipe according to claim 13 , wherein the steel has a transversal toughness at −20° C. of at least 49-52 J.
15. The high strength seamless steel pipe according to claim 10 , wherein the composition comprises:
0.23-0.30% by weight of C;
0.05-1.0% by weight of Mn;
1.2-1.65% by weight of Si and 0-0.5% by weight of Al or, alternatively, 1.2-1.65% by weight of Al and 0-0.5% by weight of Si;
0.7-1.8% by weight of Cr;
0.2-0.3% by weight of Mo;
3.0-3.6% by weight of Ni;
0-0.005% by weight of S;
0-0.015% by weight of P;
0-0.002% by weight of O;
0-0.003% by weight of Ca;
0-0.01% by weight of N;
0-0.1% by weight of Cu;
the balance being iron and incidental impurities.
16. The high strength seamless steel pipe according to claim 10 , wherein Ni+2Mn is between 2.1 and 3.9% in weight.
17. A method for producing an article intended for OCTG applications comprising:
forming a high strength mainly cementite-free bainitic steel with a composition comprising:
0.2-0.4% by weight of C;
0.05-1.5% by weight of Mn;
1.0-2.0% by weight of Si and 0-0.5% by weight of Al or,
alternatively, 1.0-2.0% by weight of Al and 0-00.5% by weight of Si;
0.5-2.9% by weight of Cr;
0.2-0.5% by weight of Mo;
2.0-3.7% by weight of Ni;
0-0.005% by weight of S;
0-0.015% by weight of P;
0-0.005% by weight of O;
0-0.003% by weight of Ca;
0-0.01% by weight of N;
0-0.15% by weight of Cu;
the balance being iron and incidental impurities; and
manufacturing an article for OCTG applications from the high strength mainly cementite-free bainitic steel and wherein the manufactured article has a transversal toughness that satisfies one or more of the following: a transversal toughness at 24° C. of at least 69-75 J, a transversal toughness at 0° C. of at least 58-68 J, and a transversal toughness at −20° C. of at least 49-52 J.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein Ni+2Mn is between 2.1 and 3.9% in weight.
19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the steel comprises greater than 3% by weight of Ni.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the steel comprises greater than 3% by weight of Ni.
21. The high strength seamless steel pipe according to claim 10 , wherein the steel comprises greater than 3% by weight of Ni.
22. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the steel is cooled with an average cooling rate between 0.10 and 1.0° C. per second.
23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the average cooling rate is between 0.2 and 0.5° C. per second.