This invention relates to crop plants of which the fruit dehiscence properties are modulated. More specifically the invention relates to improved methods and means for reducing seed shattering, or delaying seed shattering until after harvest, in plants, while maintaining at the same time an agronomically relevant threshability of the pods.
1. An isolated induced full knock-out mutant allele of a gene encoding a functional INDEHISCENT (IND) protein comprising a nucleic acid having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, said full knock-out mutant allele having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 in which the c at position 148 is substituted with t, or in which the c at position 403 is substituted with t.
2. A Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof, comprising at least two IND genes and comprising only two full knock-out mutant IND alleles in its genome, wherein said full knock-out mutant IND alleles are mutant alleles of a gene encoding a functional INDEHISCENT (IND) protein comprising a nucleic acid that:
(a) has at least 95% sequence identity to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 from the nucleotide at position 46 to the nucleotide at position 633, SEQ ID NO: 3, or SEQ ID NO: 7; or
(b) encodes an amino acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 from the amino acid at position 16 to the amino acid at position 210 or SEQ ID NO: 4, and
wherein said full knock-out mutant IND alleles comprise a mutated DNA region comprising one or more inserted, deleted, or substituted nucleotides compared to a corresponding wild-type DNA region in the functional IND gene, and
wherein said full knock-out mutants IND allele are:
(i) a mutant IND allele comprising a mutation resulting in the production of a non-functional IND protein or resulting in no production of an IND protein,
(ii) a mutant IND allele encoding a truncated IND protein of which at least the Helix-Loop-Helix domain at positions corresponding to positions 132 to 174 of SEQ ID NO: 10 is lacking or substituted; and/or
(iii) a mutant IND allele with a missense mutation of the codon encoding the amino acid at a position corresponding to position 128 of SEQ ID NO: 10,
and wherein the plant has increased seed yield compared to the seed yield of a corresponding plant not comprising full knock-out mutant IND alleles.
3. A seed pod obtainable from the plant of claim 2 , wherein said seed pod comprises said full knock-out mutant IND alleles.
4. A Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof, comprising at least two IND genes and comprising only two mutant IND alleles in its genome, wherein said mutant IND alleles are full knock-out mutant alleles of a gene encoding a functional INDEHISCENT (IND) protein comprising a nucleic acid having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, said full knock-out mutant alleles having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 in which the c at position 148 is substituted with t, or in which the c at position 403 is substituted with t, wherein said plant has increased seed yield compared to the seed yield of a corresponding plant not comprising full knock-out mutant IND alleles.
5. The Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof, of claim 2 , which is plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof from Brassica napus, Brassica juncea , or Brassica carinata , wherein said Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof comprises said full knock-out mutant IND alleles.
6. The Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof, of claim 4 , reference seed comprising said allele having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 in which the c at position 148 is substituted with t having been deposited at the ATCC, under accession number PTA-8796, and said allele having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 in which the c at position 403 is substituted with t having been deposited at the ATCC, under accession number PTA-8795.
7. A seed having been deposited at the ATCC, under accession number PTA-8796 or PTA-8795.
8. The Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof, of claim 1 , wherein said two full knock-out mutant IND alleles are homozygous.
9. The Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof, of claim 1 , wherein said full knock-out mutant IND alleles are (ii) mutant IND alleles encoding a truncated IND protein of which at least the Helix-Loop-Helix domain at positions corresponding to positions 132 to 174 of SEQ ID NO: 10 is lacking or substituted.
10. The Brassica plant, or a cell, part, seed or progeny thereof, of claim 1 , wherein said full knock-out mutant IND alleles are (iii) mutant IND alleles with a missense mutation of the codon encoding the amino acid at a position corresponding to position 128 of SEQ ID NO: 10.