Microelectronic sensor device for the detection of target particles
The invention relates to a microelectronic sensor device for the examination of target particles ( 1 ) that are bound to binding sites ( 3 ) at the binding surface ( 12 ) of a carrier ( 11 ). In a preferred embodiment, an input light beam (L 1 ) is transmitted into the carrier ( 11 ), where a frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) takes place at the binding surface ( 12 ). The amount of light in a resulting output light beam (L 2 ) is detected by a light detector ( 31 ) and provides information about the presence of target particles at the binding surface. Moreover, an actuation unit ( 50 ) induces movements of the bound target particles ( 1 ) by an interaction with a magnetic field (B) or an electric field, particularly with a given modulation frequency (COIn), such that by a demodulation of the detector signal (S) effects of the target particles can be distinguished from background.
1. A microelectronic sensor device for the examination of target particles that are bound to binding sites at a binding surface of a carrier, the microelectronic sensor device comprising:
a sensor unit having a sensitive region, wherein the sensor unit comprises:
a generator configured to generate an input signal, to modulate the input signal at a first modulation frequency, and to provide the modulated input signal to the carrier, and
a detector configured to receive from the carrier an output signal which is generated in response to the modulated input signal, wherein the output signal is modulated at the first modulation frequency and changes depending upon the presence of target particles in the sensitive region of the sensor unit, and wherein the detector is configured to generate, in response to the output signal, a sensor signal that is indicative of the presence of target particles in a sensitive region of the sensor unit;
an actuation unit configured to selectively induce a movement of the bound target particles with respect to the sensitive region of the sensor unit: and
an evaluation module configured to evaluate the sensor signal taking the induced movement of the target particles into account and further taking into account the first modulation frequency.
2. The microelectronic sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the actuation unit is configured to move the target particles through zones of different sensitivity in the sensitive region of the sensor unit.
3. The microelectronic sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the actuation unit is configured to generate at least one of an electric field and a magnetic field, and wherein the target particles are moved by an interaction with the at least one of the magnetic field and the electric field.
4. The microelectronic sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the actuation unit is configured to cause the induced movement of the bound target particles to be periodic, having a second modulation frequency different from the first modulation frequency.
5. The microelectronic sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the target particles have non-spherical forms, and wherein the actuation unit causes the induced movement of the bound target particles to be modulated around an axis running through the target particles.
6. The microelectronic sensor device of claim 4 , wherein the second modulation frequency produces in the sensor signal sidebands with respect to the first modulation frequency, and wherein the evaluation unit includes a demodulator configured to demodulate the sensor signal.
7. A method of sensing presence of target particles bound to binding sites at a binding surface of a carrier, the method comprising:
employing a signal generator to generate an input signal, to modulate the input signal at a first modulation frequency, and to provide the modulated input signal to the carrier;
at the carrier, generating an output signal in response to the modulated input signal, wherein the output signal is modulated at the first modulation frequency and changes depending upon the presence of target particles in the sensitive region of the sensor unit;
at a detector, receiving from the carrier the output signal and in response to the output signal, producing a sensor signal that is indicative of the presence of target particles in a sensitive region of the sensor unit;
selectively inducing a movement of the bound target particles with respect to the sensitive region of the sensor unit; and
evaluating with an evaluation unit the sensor signal, taking the induced movement of the target particles into account and further taking into account the first modulation frequency.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising the actuation unit moving the target particles through zones of different sensitivity in the sensitive region of the sensor unit.
9. The method of claim 7 , further comprising the actuation unit generating at least one of an electric field and a magnetic field, wherein the target particles are moved by an interaction with the at least one of the magnetic field and the electric field.
10. The method of claim 7 , further comprising the actuation unit causing the induced movement of the bound target particles to be periodic, having a second modulation frequency different from the first modulation frequency.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the target particles have non-spherical forms, and further comprising the actuation unit causing the induced movement of the bound target particles to be modulated around an axis running through the target particles.