Zoned catalysts for diesel applications
View Patent ↗An oxidation catalyst composite, methods and systems for the treatment of exhaust gas emissions from an advanced combustion engine, such as the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) and the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from a diesel engine and an advanced combustion diesel engine are disclosed. More particularly, washcoat compositions are disclosed comprising at least two washcoat layers, a first washcoat comprising a palladium component and a second washcoat containing platinum and at least about 50% of the total platinum is located in the rear of the catalyst.
1. An oxidation catalyst composite for abatement of exhaust gas emissions from an engine comprising:
a carrier substrate having a length, an inlet end and an outlet end, a diesel oxidation catalyst catalytic material on the carrier, the diesel oxidation catalyst catalytic material including a first washcoat zone and a second washcoat zone;
the first washcoat zone comprising a first washcoat layer including one or more of platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) components and a first refractory metal oxide support, the first washcoat zone adjacent the inlet end of the carrier substrate; and
the second washcoat zone comprising a second washcoat layer including a platinum component and a second refractory metal oxide support, the second washcoat layer adjacent the outlet end of the carrier substrate, wherein at least 50% of the platinum components are located in the second washcoat zone; and wherein the second washcoat layer is substantially free of palladium.
2. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first washcoat zone extends over the entire length of the substrate and the second washcoat zone overlaps at least a portion of the first washcoat zone.
3. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first washcoat zone extends from the inlet end along about 5% to 95% of the length of the substrate and the second washcoat zone extends from the outlet end along about 5% to 95% of the length of the substrate.
4. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 3 , wherein one of the first washcoat zone and the second washcoat zone overlap the other.
5. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the platinum and palladium are present in a total platinum to palladium ratio of from about 1:10 to about 4:1.
6. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic material is effective to oxidize HC and CO emitted from an advanced combustion diesel engine, including a methane component, the first washcoat layer being active for oxidizing CO and HCs under emission and temperature conditions associated with advanced combustion diesel engine operation.
7. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein one or both of the first refractory metal oxide support and the second refractory metal oxide support comprises one or more of alumina, silica, zirconia, titania and combinations thereof.
8. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein one or both of the first and second washcoat layers further comprises one or more of zeolites, alkaline earth oxides, rare earth oxides and base metal oxides.
9. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , further comprising an undercoat layer substantially free of precious group metal component, the undercoat layer applied to the carrier substrate beneath one or both of the first washcoat zone and the second washcoat zone.
10. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first support comprises ceria and a molecular sieve comprising a zeolite selected from the group consisting of beta-zeolite, ZSM-5, and zeolite-Y.
11. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composite has a total loading of platinum and palladium in the range of about 30 g/ft 3 to 350 g/ft 3 .
12. A method for treating a traditional diesel exhaust gas stream or an advanced combustion diesel exhaust gas stream comprising passing the exhaust gas stream through an inlet end towards an outlet end of a catalyzed soot filter, the exhaust gas first passing through a first washcoat zone on the filter comprising a first washcoat layer including one or more of platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) components and a first refractory metal oxide support, and then passing the exhaust gas stream through a second washcoat zone on the filter comprising a second washcoat layer including a platinum component and a second refractory metal oxide support, wherein at least 50% of the platinum components are located in the second washcoat zone; and wherein the second washcoat layer is substantially free of palladium.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the filter has a length and first washcoat zone extends over the entire length of the filter and the second washcoat zone completely overlaps the first washcoat zone.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first washcoat zone extends from the inlet end along about 5% to 95% of the length of the filter and the second washcoat zone extends from the outlet end along about 5% to 95% of the length of the filter.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein one of the first zone and the second washcoat zone overlap the other.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the platinum and palladium are present in the overall catalyst composite in a platinum to palladium ratio of from about 1:10 to about 4:1.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein one or both of the first refractory metal oxide support and the second refractory metal oxide support comprises one or more of alumina, silica, zirconia, titania and combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 12 , wherein one or both of the first and second washcoat layers further comprises one or more of zeolites, alkaline earth oxides, rare earth oxides and base metal oxides.
19. The method of claim 12 , wherein the filter further comprises an undercoat layer substantially free of precious group metal component, the undercoat layer applied to the filter beneath one or more of the first washcoat zone and the second washcoat zone.
20. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first support comprises ceria and the molecular sieve comprises a zeolite selected from the group consisting of beta-zeolite, ZSM-5 and zeolite-Y.
21. The method of claim 12 , further comprising directing diesel exhaust gas to a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalytic article located downstream of the catalyzed soot filter (CSF).
22. The method of claim 12 comprising oxidizing CO and HCs under emission and temperature conditions associated with advanced combustion diesel engine operation.