Curable benzoxazine macromonomers, their preparation and cured products
View Patent ↗The invention relates to a curable benzoxazine macromonomer containing at least 3 benzoxazine rings and at least one aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, hetereoaraliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic fragment, the fragment comprising a shortest atom chain containing at least 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms, and said atom chain must not include any oxazine ring atoms (“soft fragment”). The invention further relates to cured products made thereof and a method or producing the same.
1. A curable benzoxazine macromonomer containing at least 3 benzoxazine rings and at least one aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, heteroaraliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic fragment, the fragment comprising a shortest atom chain containing at least 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms, and said atom chain must not include any oxazine ring atoms (“soft fragment”).
2. The curable benzoxazine macromonomer according to claim 1 , wherein a part of the at least 3 benzoxazine rings has an open structure.
3. The curable benzoxazine macromonomer of claim 1 , wherein the fragment comprising the shortest atom chain containing at least 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms has a glass transition temperature of less than about 100° C.
4. The curable benzoxazine macromonomer according to claim 1 , wherein the fragment comprising the shortest atom chain containing at least 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms is derived from the primary polyamine and/or the polyphenol and said primary polyamine and/or polyphenol having a weight average molecular weight of at least about 600 to about 20,000 g/mol.
5. The curable benzoxazine macromonomer according to claim 1 having a weight average molecular weight from about 2,000 g/mol to about 1,000,000 g/mol.
6. The curable benzoxazine macromonomer according to claim 1 further containing at least one aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, hetereoaraliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic fragment, the fragment comprising a shortest atom chain containing less than 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms, and said atom chain must not include any oxazine ring atoms (“rigid fragment”).
7. The curable benzoxazine macromonomer according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the soft segment in % by weight based on the total weight of the benzoxazine macromonomer is at least about 70% by weight.
8. A method of preparing a curable benzoxazine macromonomer in a solvent, the reactants including at least one polyphenol, at least one primary polyamine and formaldehyde or a reactant releasing formaldehyde, comprising steps
(a) combining said reactants,
(b) heating the mixture of said reactants under reflux,
(c) removing water from the reaction mixture, and
(d) separating the curable benzoxazine macromonomer from the solvent, whereby
i. at least one of the polyphenols is such, that the shortest atom chain between two phenolic hydroxyl groups contains at least 40 atoms; and/or
ii. at least one of the primary polyamines is such, that the shortest atom chain between two primary amino groups contains at least 40 atoms.
9. A curable formulation containing the curable benzoxazine macromonomers of claim 1 or prepared according to the method of claim 8 .
10. The curable formulation according to claim 9 , containing at least about 80% by weight of the curable benzoxazine macromonomers based on the total amount of curable ingredients.
11. The curable formulation according to claim 9 , containing less than 80% by weight of the curable benzoxazine macromonomers based on the total amount of curable ingredients.
12. The curable formulation according to claim 9 , containing other curable ingredients than the curable benzoxazine macromonomers selected from the group comprising dibenzoxazines, monobenzoxazines, epoxy resins, phenol resins, maleinimide resins, oxazolines and isocyanates.
13. The curable formulation according to claim 12 , wherein the curable ingredients other than the curable benzoxazine macromonomers are selected from the group of aliphatic dibenzoxazines, aromatic dibenzoxazines, aliphatic monobenzoxazines, aromatic monobenzoxazines and mixtures thereof.
14. The curable formulation according to claim 9 , said formulation being an adhesive, sealant or coating.
15. A cured product obtained by heat-curing the curable formulation according to claim 9 .