Curable benzoxazine-based compositions, their preparation and cured products thereof
View Patent ↗The invention relates to a curable composition comprising: at least one benzoxazine and at least one toughening additive which can be bound to the at least one benzoxazine in the curing process, characterized in that the toughening additive is distributed in the cured composition in form of discrete domains, and that at least 50% of the discrete domains related to the total amount of discrete domains have a maximum length in any direction of space in the range of 10 nm to 500 nm as determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
1. A curable composition comprising:
(a) at least one thermosetting benzoxazine resin and
(b) at least one thermoplastic toughening additive soluble in the at least one thermosetting benzoxazine resin prior to curing and reactive with the at least one thermosetting benzoxazine resin in the curing process,
wherein the at least one thermoplastic toughening additive is a benzoxazine macromonomer or an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer,
wherein prior to curing, the curable composition is homogeneous but when the curable composition is cured to form a cured product, phase separation is observed with the thermoplastic toughening additive distributed in the cured product in the form of discrete domains therein, and wherein at least 60% of the discrete domains have a maximum length in any direction of space in the range of 25 nm to 200 nm as determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
2. The curable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one toughening additive is covalently bound to the at least one benzoxazine.
3. The curable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the thermoplastic toughening additive based on the total weight of the composition is 1 to 50% by weight.
4. The curable according claim 3 , wherein the content of the thermoplastic toughening additive based on the total weight of the composition is 5 to 30% by weight.
5. The curable composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a curable resin other than (a) and (b).
6. The curable composition cured product according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more of extenders, microspheres, nanosilica particles, fillers, reinforcing agents, metal powders, pigments, dyes, fire-retarding agents, thixotropic agents, flow control agents, adhesion promoters, antioxidants and light stabilizers.
7. The curable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer is represented by
P—(X—CO—NH-D-NH—CO—Y-E) z formula (PP-I)
wherein P is a z-valent residue of an oligomer or polymer; X and Y independently are selected from the group consisting of NR′, O and S, wherein R′ is hydrogen or a residue selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, heteroaraliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic residues; D is a divalent residue of a diisocyanate comprising two isocyanate groups having different reactivity, from which the two isocyanate groups with different reactivity have been removed to form two binding sites (valences); E is an end-capping residue, selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, heteroaraliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic residues; and z is an integer of 1 to 12.
8. The curable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the thermosetting benzoxazine resin comprises the combination of multifunctional benzoxazines and monofunctional benzoxazines.
9. The curable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the benzoxazine macromonomer contains at least 3 benzoxazine rings and at least one aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, araliphatic, hetereoaraliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic fragment, the fragment comprising a shortest atom chain containing at least 40 consecutive atoms between two benzoxazine nitrogen atoms or between two benzoxazine oxygen atoms, and said atom chain must not include any oxazine ring atoms.