Superoxide dismutase mimics for the treatment of ocular disorders and diseases

1. A method for treating AMD, DR, and/or retinal edema in a patient which comprises administering to the patient in need of such treatment a pharmaceutical composition formulated for intraocular, periocular, or retrobulbar injection or perfusion, wherein the composition comprises a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of formula I:

wherein:

R 1-20 are independently H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, or heterocycloalkenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, halo, trihalomethyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, or arylsulfonyl group, or a free or functionally modified hydroxyl, amino, or thiol group;

or two of the R groups on the same or adjacent sites, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form an optionally unsaturated or aromatic C 3-20 carbocycle, the carbocycle being optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, halo, trihalomethyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, or arylsulfonyl group, or a free or functionally modified hydroxyl, amino, or thiol group;

or two of the R groups on the same or adjacent sites, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form an optionally unsaturated or aromatic C 2-20 nitrogen-containing heterocycle, the heterocycle being optionally substituted optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, halo, trihalomethyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, or arylsulfonyl group, or a free or functionally modified hydroxyl, amino, or-thiol group;

it being understood that in all cases the nitrogens binding the Mn center in the drawing for I will lack hydrogens when the nitrogen is already trisubstituted;

X, Y, and Z are pharmaceutically acceptable anions; and

n is 0-3.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein for the compound of formula I:

R 7 R 8 C—N—CR 9 R 10 forms a 5-8 membered saturated or unsaturated ring, the ring being optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, halo, trihalomethyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, or arylsulfonyl group, or a free or functionally modified hydroxyl, amino, or thiol group;

R 5 , R 6 , R 11 , R 12 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , and R 20 are the same or different and are H or alkyl;

R 1 R 2 C—CR 3 R 4 and R 13 R 14 C—CR 15 R 16 are the same or different and form a 5-8 membered saturated or unsaturated ring, the ring being optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkenyl, halo, trihalomethyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, or arylsulfonyl group, or a free or functionally modified hydroxyl, amino, or thiol group;

X and Y are chloride; and

n is 0.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises diabasic sodium phosphate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), polysorbate 80, and benzalkonium chloride.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises sodium chloride, edentate disodium, and has a pH of 7.4.