Methods and conduits for flowing blood from a heart chamber to a blood vessel
View Patent ↗Disclosed is a conduit that provides a bypass around an occlusion or stenosis in a coronary artery. The conduit is a tube adapted to be positioned in the heart wall to provide a passage for blood to flow between a heart chamber and a coronary artery, at a site distal to the occlusion or stenosis. The conduit has a section of blood vessel attached to its interior lumen which preferably includes at least one naturally occurring one-way valve positioned therein. The valve prevents the backflow of blood from the coronary artery into the heart chamber.
1. A method of treatment, comprising:
placing a self-expandable conduit adjacent a left ventricle and an arterial blood-containing vessel such that upon implantation of the conduit a first end of the conduit is continuously open and facing the left ventricle, a second end of the conduit is continuously open and facing and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, and at least a portion of the first open end faces at least a portion of the second open end;
wherein the conduit includes a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the first and second ends and extending therebetween, and wherein a valve is attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the first and second ends to control a backflow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel to the left ventricle during diastole.
2. The method of claim 1 , further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and thereafter placing the conduit within the opening.
3. The method of claim 1 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.
4. The method of claim 3 , further including introducing the catheter into a femoral artery before introducing the catheter into an aorta.
5. The method of claim 1 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into a vein.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the valve is an aortic valve.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit, and each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein upon implantation of the conduit the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conduit is a metal conduit.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conduit is a plastic conduit.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.
13. A method of treatment, comprising:
placing a self-expandable conduit adjacent a left ventricle and an arterial blood-containing vessel such that upon implantation a first end of the conduit is continuously open and facing the left ventricle, a second end of the conduit is continuously open and facing and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, and a substantially straight line intersects at least a portion of the first end and at least a portion of the second end;
wherein the conduit includes a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the first and second ends and extending therebetween, and wherein a valve is attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the first and second ends to control a backflow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel toward the left ventricle during diastole.
14. The method of claim 13 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.
15. The method of claim 14 , further including introducing the catheter into a femoral artery before introducing the catheter into an aorta.
16. The method of claim 13 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into a vein.
17. The method of claim 13 further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and thereafter placing the conduit within the opening.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit, and each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein upon implantation of the conduit the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the valve is an aortic valve.
21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.
22. The method of claim 18 , wherein the conduit is a metal conduit.
23. The method of claim 18 , wherein the conduit is a plastic conduit.
24. The method of claim 18 , wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.
25. The method of claim 13 , wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis that is substantially straight between the first and second ends.
26. A method of treatment, comprising:
introducing a catheter into an aorta, wherein a self-expandable conduit having a tissue valve attached to the conduit is coupled to the catheter so that the conduit and valve are each in a compressed state;
implanting the conduit adjacent a left ventricle and an arterial blood-containing vessel such that upon implantation a distalmost end of the conduit is continuously open and facing the left ventricle, a proximalmost end of the conduit is continuously open and facing and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, and at least a portion of the distalmost open end faces at least a portion of the proximalmost open end;
wherein the conduit includes a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the distalmost and proximalmost ends and extending therebetween, and the valve is attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the distalmost and proximalmost ends to control a backflow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel toward the left ventricle during diastole.
27. The method of claim 26 , further including expanding the distalmost end and the proximalmost end.
28. The method of claim 26 , further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and thereafter placing the conduit within the opening.
29. The method of claim 26 , further including introducing the catheter into a femoral artery before introducing the catheter into an aorta.
30. The method of claim 26 , wherein upon implantation of the conduit the distalmost end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.
31. The method of claim 26 , wherein the conduit includes a substantially straight longitudinal axis and the distalmost and proximalmost ends intersect the longitudinal axis.
32. The method of claim 26 , wherein the valve is an aortic valve.
33. The method of claim 26 , wherein the conduit is a metal conduit.
34. The method of claim 26 , wherein the conduit is a plastic conduit.
35. The method of claim 26 , wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.
36. A method of treatment, comprising:
vascularly maneuvering a self-expandable, shape memory metal conduit to an implantation site within a patient; and
placing the conduit adjacent a left ventricle and an arterial blood-containing vessel such that upon implantation a first end of the conduit faces and is continuously open towards the left ventricle, a second end of the conduit is positioned in and is continuously open towards the arterial blood-containing vessel, and at least a portion of the first open end faces at least a portion of the second open end;
wherein the conduit includes a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the first and second ends and extending therebetween, and wherein a non-human tissue valve is attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the first and second ends to control a backflow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel toward the left ventricle during diastole.
37. The method of claim 36 , further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel, and thereafter placing the conduit within the opening.
38. The method of claim 36 , further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.
39. The method of claim 38 , further including introducing the catheter into a femoral artery before introducing the catheter into an aorta.
40. The method of claim 36 , wherein the valve is an aortic valve.
41. The method of claim 36 , wherein the valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.
42. The method of claim 36 , wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit, and each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.
43. The method of claim 36 , wherein upon implantation of the conduit the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.