Method for estimating a fundamental frequency of a speech signal
View Patent ↗The invention provides a method for estimating a fundamental frequency of a speech signal comprising the steps of receiving a signal spectrum of the speech signal, filtering the signal spectrum to obtain a refined signal spectrum, determining a cross-power spectral density using the refined signal spectrum and the signal spectrum, transforming the cross-power spectral density into the time domain to obtain a cross-correlation function, and estimating the fundamental frequency of the speech signal based on the cross-correlation function.
1. A computer implemented method for estimating a fundamental frequency of a speech signal comprising:
receiving within a processor a signal spectrum of the speech signal;
filtering the signal spectrum within the processor to obtain a refined signal spectrum with an increased spectral resolution;
computing a cross-power spectral density from an equation including a product of a first element as the refined signal spectrum and a second element as the unrefined signal spectrum;
transforming the cross-power spectral density into the time domain to obtain a cross-correlation function; and
estimating the fundamental frequency of the speech signal based on the cross-correlation function.
2. The computer implemented method according to claim 1 , wherein estimating the fundamental frequency comprises determining a maximum of the cross-correlation function.
3. The computer implemented method according to claim 2 , wherein estimating the fundamental frequency comprises determining a lag of the cross-correlation function corresponding to the determined maximum of the cross-correlation function.
4. The computer implemented method according claim 1 , wherein estimating the fundamental frequency comprises determining a weight function for the cross-correlation function and weighting the cross-correlation function with the determined weight function.
5. The computer implemented method according to claim 4 , wherein the weight function comprises a bias term, wherein the bias term compensates for a bias of the estimation of the fundamental frequency.
6. The computer implemented method according to claim 5 , wherein determining the bias term of the weight function is based on one or more cross-correlation functions of correlated white noise.
7. The computer implemented method according to claim 2 , wherein the speech signal comprises a sequence of frames, and wherein the signal spectrum is a signal spectrum of a frame of the speech signal.
8. The computer implemented method according to claim 7 , wherein the weight function comprises a mean fundamental frequency term, wherein determining the mean fundamental frequency term is based on a mean fundamental frequency, and/or a current fundamental frequency term, wherein determining the current fundamental frequency term is based on a predetermined fundamental frequency, wherein the predetermined fundamental frequency corresponds to a fundamental frequency estimate of a previous frame of the speech signal.
9. The computer implemented method according to claim 7 , wherein determining the weight function comprises determining a combination of at least two terms of the group of terms comprising a current fundamental frequency term, a mean fundamental frequency term and a bias term.
10. The computer implemented method according to claim 1 , wherein estimating the fundamental frequency comprises compensating the cross-correlation function for a shift or delay introduced by filtering the signal spectrum.
11. The computer implemented method according to claim 1 , wherein estimating the fundamental frequency comprises determining a confidence measure for the estimated fundamental frequency.
12. The computer implemented method according to claim 1 , wherein filtering the signal spectrum comprises augmenting the number of frequency nodes of the signal spectrum such that the number of frequency nodes of the refined signal spectrum is greater than the number of frequency nodes of the signal spectrum.
13. The computer implemented method according to claim 1 , wherein the speech signal comprises a sequence of frames, and wherein the steps of the method are performed for the signal spectrum of each frame of the speech signal or for the signal spectrum of a plurality of frames of the speech signal.
14. A computer program product having a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer code thereon for estimating a fundamental frequency of a speech signal, the computer code comprising:
computer code for receiving a signal spectrum of the speech signal;
computer code for filtering the signal spectrum to obtain a refined signal spectrum with an increased spectral resolution;
computer code for computing a cross-power spectral density from an equation including a product of a first element as the refined signal spectrum and a second element as the unrefined signal spectrum;
computer code for transforming the cross-power spectral density into the time domain to obtain a cross-correlation function; and
computer code for estimating the fundamental frequency of the speech signal based on the cross-correlation function.
15. The computer program product according to claim 14 , wherein the computer code for estimating the fundamental frequency comprises computer code for determining a maximum of the cross-correlation function.
16. The computer program product according to claim 15 , wherein the computer code for estimating the fundamental frequency comprises computer code for determining a lag of the cross-correlation function corresponding to the determined maximum of the cross-correlation function.
17. The computer program product according claim 14 , wherein the computer code for estimating the fundamental frequency comprises computer code for determining a weight function for the cross-correlation function and weighting the cross-correlation function with the determined weight function.
18. The computer program product according to claim 17 , wherein the weight function comprises a bias term, wherein the bias term compensates for a bias of the estimation of the fundamental frequency.
19. The computer program product according to claim 18 , wherein the computer code for determining the bias term of the weight function is based on one or more cross-correlation functions of correlated white noise.
20. The computer program product according to claim 15 , wherein the speech signal comprises a sequence of frames, and wherein the signal spectrum is a signal spectrum of a frame of the speech signal.
21. The computer program product according to claim 20 , wherein the weight function comprises a mean fundamental frequency term, wherein determining the mean fundamental frequency term is based on a mean fundamental frequency, and/or a current fundamental frequency term, wherein determining the current fundamental frequency term is based on a predetermined fundamental frequency, wherein the predetermined fundamental frequency corresponds to a fundamental frequency estimate of a previous frame of the speech signal.
22. The computer program product according to claim 20 , wherein the computer code for determining the weight function comprises computer code for determining a combination of at least two terms of the group of terms comprising a current fundamental frequency term, a mean fundamental frequency term and a bias term.
23. The computer program product according to claim 14 , wherein estimating the fundamental frequency comprises compensating the cross-correlation function for a shift or delay introduced by filtering the signal spectrum.
24. The computer program product according to claim 14 , wherein the computer code for estimating the fundamental frequency comprises computer code for determining a confidence measure for the estimated fundamental frequency.
25. The computer program product according to claim 14 , wherein the computer code for filtering the signal spectrum comprises computer code for augmenting the number of frequency nodes of the signal spectrum such that the number of frequency nodes of the refined signal spectrum is greater than the number of frequency nodes of the signal spectrum.
26. The computer program product according to claim 14 , wherein the speech signal comprises a sequence of frames, and wherein the steps of the method are performed for the signal spectrum of each frame of the speech signal or for the signal spectrum of a plurality of frames of the speech signal.
27. An apparatus for estimating a fundamental frequency of a speech signal comprising:
receiving module configured to receive a signal spectrum of the speech signal;
a filtering module comprising a processor configured to filter the signal spectrum to obtain a refined signal spectrum;
a determining module configured to compute a cross-power spectral density from an equation including a product of a first element as the refined signal spectrum and a second element as the unrefined signal spectrum;
a transforming module configured to transform the cross-power spectral density into the time domain to obtain a cross-correlation function; and
an estimating module configured to estimate the fundamental frequency of the speech signal based on the cross-correlation function.