Economizer for vehicle battery disconnect
View Patent ↗An economizer configured to connected coils in series and in parallel with a voltage source in order to facilitate pulling relays to a closed position, and thereafter, holding the relays in the closed position while reducing a voltage applied across the coils.
1. A vehicle battery disconnect comprising:
a positive contactor operable between open and closed positions, the positive contactor operable to connect a positive terminal of a high voltage battery to a positive terminal of a traction motor while in the closed position, the positive contactor operable to disconnect the positive terminal of the high voltage battery from the positive terminal of the traction motor while in the open position;
a negative contactor operable between open and closed positions, the negative contactor operable to connect a negative terminal of the high voltage battery to a negative terminal of the traction motor while in the closed position, the negative contactor operable to disconnect the negative terminal of the high voltage battery from the negative terminal of the traction motor while in the open position;
an economizer operable to actuate the positive and negative contactors between the open and closed positions, the economizer having a first coil proximate the positive contactor and a second coil proximate the negative contactor, the first and second coils operable to receive a pull-in voltage to actuate the contactors from the open position to the closed position, the first and second coils operable to receive a holding voltage to maintain the contactors in the closed position, the holding voltage being less than the pull-in voltage; and
the economizer having a plurality of switches operable to selectively connect the first and second coils in series and in parallel to a voltage source, the first and second coils being provided with the pull-in voltage when connected in parallel to the voltage source, the first and second coils being provided with the holding voltage when connected in series to the voltage source.
2. The battery disconnect of claim 1 wherein the voltage source includes a positive node and a negative node and a plurality of switches include a first switch, a second switch and a third switch, and wherein the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the first coil and the second coil each includes a positive end and a negative end; and wherein, the positive end of the first coil and the positive end of the third switch being connected to the positive node, the negative end of the first switch and the negative end of the second switch being connected to the negative node, the negative end of the first coil being connected to the positive end of the first switch, the negative end of the third switch being connected to the positive end of the second coil, the negative end of the second coil being connected to the positive end of the second switch.
3. The battery disconnect of claim 2 further comprising a diode connected in series between the negative end of the first coil and the positive end of the second coil, the diode being a unidirectional device operable to permit current flow from the first to the second coil.
4. The battery disconnect of claim 1 wherein the traction motor is only operable with energy provided by the high voltage battery while both of the positive and negative contactors are closed at the same time, the positive and negative contactors being operable to the closed position at the same time only while the first and second coils are either connected in series or in parallel with the voltage source.