Water-resistant electric motor
View Patent ↗Embodiments of the invention provide a water resistant electric motor and method of assembly. The motor includes a housing with a main body having a rear endbell, a stator compartment with stator windings, and a first ball bearing. The motor includes a lid having a second ball bearing, and a rotor with a shaft having a first end positioned in the first ball bearing and a second end positioned in the second ball bearing. An epoxy coating is used to overmold the stator compartment, the stator windings, and the rotor. The motor includes a printed circuit board assembly treated with an adhesion promotor and positioned adjacent to the rotor and stator windings. A silicone sealant is used to encapsulate the printed circuit board assembly, the rotor, and the stator windings and reacts with the adhesion promotor. The motor includes a gasket between the lid and the main body.
1. A water resistant electric motor comprising:
a housing including a main body and a lid, the main body including a rear endbell, a stator compartment with stator windings, and a first ball bearing, the lid including a second ball bearing and a through hole;
a pin coupled to wiring of the stator windings;
a rotor including a shaft with a first end positioned in the first ball bearing and a second end positioned in the second ball bearing;
a coating overmolding the stator compartment, the stator windings, and the rotor, the coating at least partially covering the wiring, wherein the pin extends beyond the coating;
a printed circuit board assembly encapsulated with a sealant, the printed circuit board assembly positioned adjacent to the rotor and the stator windings so that the coating merges with the sealant, wherein the sealant includes a first sealant passage and a second sealant passage formed in the sealant on opposite sides of the printed circuit board assembly, and the pin extends through the first sealant passage to reach the printed circuit board assembly;
a removable plug extending completely through the through hole of the lid to make the through hole substantially waterproof, wherein the removable plug seals the second sealant passage; and
a gasket between the lid and the main body in order to seal the stator compartment.
2. The electric motor of claim 1 wherein the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the electric motor is brushless.
3. The electric motor of claim 1 wherein the sealant substantially eliminates air inside the electric motor.
4. The electric motor of claim 1 wherein the shaft is integral with the rotor.
5. The electric motor of claim 1 and further comprising a first O-ring between the first ball bearing and the rear endbell and a second O-ring between the second ball bearing and the lid.
6. The electric motor of claim 1 and further comprising a seal between the second end of the shaft and the lid.
7. The electric motor of claim 1 and further comprising an electrical connector coupled to the lid.
8. The electric motor of claim 1 wherein the stator compartment and the stator windings are overmolded with the coating in a transfer molding machine.
9. The electric motor of claim 1 wherein the printed circuit board assembly includes a microprocessor capable of controlling a speed of the shaft.
10. The electric motor of claim 1 wherein the electric motor is used to drive a reel of a walk-behind mower.
11. The electric motor of claim 9 wherein the microprocessor controls the speed of the shaft that is coupled to a reel of a walk-behind mower.
12. The electric motor of claim 11 wherein the speed is controlled based on a type of lawn being mowed.
13. The electric motor of claim 11 wherein the microprocessor provides a backlap mode in which the reel is rotated in reverse at a restricted speed in order to sharpen blades.
14. The electric motor of claim 9 wherein the microprocessor monitors at least one of temperature and power consumption in order to detect a fault condition.
15. The electric motor of claim 11 wherein the microprocessor controls the speed of the shaft rotating the reel in direct proportion to speed at which the walk-behind mower is being propelled.
16. A method of assembling a water resistant electric motor, the method comprising:
inserting stator windings into a main body of a housing, the main body including a stator compartment and a rear endbell, the rear endbell including a first ball bearing;
coupling a pin to wiring of the stator windings;
inserting a shaft of a rotor into the first ball bearing and into a second ball bearing of a lid of the housing;
overmolding the stator compartment, the stator windings, and the rotor with a coating so that the coating at least partially covers the wiring and the pin extends beyond the coating;
encapsulating a printed circuit board assembly with a sealant;
providing a first sealant passage and a second sealant passage through the sealant on opposite sides of the printed circuit board assembly;
positioning the printed circuit board assembly adjacent to the rotor and stator windings so that the pin extends through the first sealant passage;
coupling the pin to the printed circuit board assembly by accessing the printed circuit board assembly via a through hole of the lid; and
sealing the stator compartment with a gasket between the lid and the main body and sealing the through hole of the lid and the second sealant passage with a removable plug.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein sealing the through hole with the plug includes making the through hole substantially waterproof.
18. The method of claim 16 and further comprising causing the coating to merge with the sealant to form a waterproof seal in the first sealant passage.
19. The method of claim 16 and further comprising substantially eliminating air inside the electric motor with the sealant.
20. The method of claim 16 and further comprising positioning a first O-ring between the first ball bearing and the rear endbell and a second O-ring between the second ball bearing and the lid.
21. The method of claim 16 and further comprising positioning a seal between an end of the shaft and the lid.
22. The method of claim 16 and further comprising overmolding the stator compartment and the stator windings with the coating using a transfer molding machine.
23. The method of claim 16 and further comprising using a microprocessor of the printed circuit board assembly to control a speed of the shaft.
24. The method of claim 16 and further comprising driving a reel of a walk-behind mower with the shaft.
25. The method of claim 23 and further comprising controlling the speed of the shaft that is coupled to a reel of a walk-behind mower.
26. The method of claim 25 and further comprising controlling the speed of the reel based on a type of lawn being mowed.
27. The method of claim 25 and further comprising providing a backlap mode in which the reel is rotated in reverse at a restricted speed in order to sharpen blades.
28. The method of claim 23 and further comprising monitoring at least one of temperature and power consumption in order to detect a fault condition.
29. The method of claim 25 and further comprising controlling the speed of the shaft rotating the reel in direct proportion to a speed at which the walk-behind mower is being propelled.