Stress induced crystallographic phase transformation and texturing in tubular products made of cobalt and cobalt alloys
A method of producing a cobalt-based tubular product includes forming a cobalt or cobalt alloy tubular workpiece having at least about 30% by weight of fcc phase and subjecting the workpiece to at least about a 20% wall reduction at a temperature below a recrystallization temperature of the workpiece using a metal forming process. The metal forming process may include radial forging, rotary swaging, pilgering and/or flowforming. A gun barrel includes a tubular component made of a cobalt-based superalloy material. The component has at least about 25% by weight of hcp phase with basal planes radially oriented perpendicular to an inner diameter of the component.
1. A method of producing a gun barrel, the method comprising:
forming a cobalt or cobalt alloy tubular workpiece having at least about 30% by weight of fcc phase; and
subjecting the workpiece to at least about a 20% wall reduction, in one reduction operation, at a temperature below a recrystallization temperature of the workpiece using a metal forming process, the metal forming process comprising radial forging, rotary swaging, pilgering, flowforming, or a combination thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature is around room temperature.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising annealing the workpiece after subjecting the workpiece to the wall reduction.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a rifling on an inner diameter of the workpiece.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal forming process is flowforming, and the flowforming includes at least two flowforming passes.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising annealing the workpiece between the flowforming passes.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the workpiece includes at least 50% by weight fcc phase.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the workpiece includes at least 80% by weight fcc phase.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wall reduction is at least about 30%.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wall reduction is at least about 50%.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tubular workpiece is produced by rotary forging or rotary swaging.
12. A gun barrel produced according to the method of claim 1 .
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein subjecting the workpiece to at least about a 20% wall reduction causes at least a portion of the fcc phase to transform to an hcp crystal structure, increasing, by at least two times, an amount of basal planes radially oriented perpendicular to an inner diameter of the workpiece.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the workpiece has at least about 25% by weight of hcp phase with the basal planes radially oriented perpendicular to the inner diameter of the workpiece after the wall reduction.
15. A method of producing a cobalt-based superalloy tubular component, the method comprising:
forming a tubular workpiece made of a cobalt-based superalloy material having at least about 30% by weight of fcc phase, the tubular workpiece having an inner diameter and an outer diameter;
placing the workpiece on a mandrel such that the inner diameter is adjacent to the mandrel;
subjecting the workpiece to at least about a 20% wall reduction, in one reduction operation, at a temperature below a recrystallization temperature of the workpiece using a metal forming process that compresses the outer diameter of the workpiece using a combination of axial and radial forces so that the mandrel contacts the inner diameter.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the metal forming process includes radial forging, rotary swaging, pilgering, flowforming, or a combination thereof.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the temperature is around room temperature.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising annealing the workpiece after subjecting the workpiece to the wall reduction.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the mandrel further imparts a rifling to the inner diameter of the workpiece.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the metal forming process is flowforming, and the flowforming includes at least two flowforming passes.
21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the tubular workpiece is produced by rotary forging or rotary swaging.
22. A tubular component produced according to the method of claim 15 .
23. The method of claim 15 , wherein subjecting the workpiece to at least about a 20% wall reduction causes at least a portion of the fcc phase to transform to an hcp crystal structure, increasing, by at least two times, an amount of basal planes radially oriented perpendicular to the inner diameter of the workpiece.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the workpiece has at least about 25% by weight of hcp phase with the basal planes radially oriented perpendicular to the inner diameter of the workpiece after the wall reduction.