Node authentication
View Patent ↗A requester node requesting a service in a peer-to-peer network transmits a request to a service provider node. The request may include a communication history of the requester node identifying other nodes with which the requester node has previously communicated. The service provider node authenticates the requester node based on the communication history. The service provider node may ask other nodes with which the requester node has communicated for evaluation of the requester node. The other nodes may calculate a trust metric of the requester node and provide this metric to the service provider node. The service provider node may use this trust metric in combination with a similarity calculation of the requester node and the service provider node to make a determination whether the requester node is to be authenticated. The service provider node may evaluate the requester node and store the evaluation in its communication history.
1. An authentication method, comprising:
receiving, at a first node, a request for a service from a second node, the request for the service including a communication history of the second node, the first node and the second node each including a computing device;
determining one or more other communication nodes belonging to the communication history of the second node;
transmitting, to the one or more other nodes, a request for evaluation of the second node;
receiving, from the one or more other nodes, an evaluation of the second node in response to the request for evaluation, the evaluation based on the one or more other nodes' prior experience with the second node;
determining whether to authenticate the second node based on the evaluation received from the one or more other nodes, the determining whether to authenticate including:
calculating a global trust degree (T j ) of the second node as a weighted average of evaluations of the second node by the one or more other communication nodes;
calculating a relative trust degree (NBRT ij ) based on the global trust degree (T j ) and a similarity of the first node and the second node (sim (ij)), the relative trust degree (NBRT ij ) being based on the formula
NBRT
ij
=
{
0
(
T
j
<=
0
)
sim
(
i
,
j
)
×
T
j
(
T
j
>
0
)
;
and
comparing the relative trust degree to a predetermined threshold; and
providing the service to the second node when the determining whether to authenticate indicates that the second node is authenticated.
2. The authentication method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the similarity of the first node and the second node (sim (ij)) is calculated according to the formula:
sim
(
i
,
j
)
=
∑
c
∈
I
ij
(
T
ic
-
R
_
i
)
(
T
jc
-
R
_
j
)
∑
c
∈
I
ij
(
T
ic
-
R
_
i
)
2
∑
c
∈
I
ij
(
T
jc
-
R
_
j
)
2
wherein I ij is a set of common nodes that are present both in a communication history of first node and the communication history of the second node,
T ic is a trust evaluation of node c by the first node,
T jc is a trust evaluation of node c by the second node,
R i is normalized average evaluation given by the first node to nodes in the communication history of the first node, and
R j is a normalized average trust evaluation given by the second node to nodes in the communication history of the second node.
3. The authentication method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
providing an evaluation of the second node by the first node; and
storing the evaluation as communication history at the first node.
4. An authentication method of a first node requesting a service from a second node, the method comprising:
requesting the service from the second node, including providing as authentication credentials a communication history of the first node identifying one or more other nodes with which the first node had previously communicated, the first node and the second node each including a computing device; and
receiving the service from the second node based on:
a global trust degree (T j ) of the first node as a weighted average of evaluations of the first node by the one or more other nodes;
a relative trust degree (NBRT ij ) based on the global trust degree (T j ) and a similarity of the second node and the first node (sim (ij)), the relative trust degree (NBRT ij ) being based on the formula
NBRT
ij
=
{
0
(
T
j
<=
0
)
sim
(
i
,
j
)
×
T
j
(
T
j
>
0
)
;
and
a comparison of the relative trust degree to a predetermined threshold.
5. The authentication method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the requesting includes:
generating a request for the service in a service module of the first node;
providing the request for the service from the service module to an authentication module of the first node; and
adding to the request for the service the communication history of the first node.
6. The authentication method as recited in claim 4 , further comprising:
evaluating the second node based on the received service; and
updating the communication history of the first node based on the evaluating.
7. An apparatus, comprising:
a processor;
a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon that are executable by the processor to perform operations comprising:
receiving a request for a service including a communication history of a requester apparatus, the communication history including information associated with communication between the requester apparatus and one or more other communication apparatuses with which the requester apparatus has previously communicated;
authenticating the requester apparatus based on one or more evaluations of the requester apparatus by the one or more other communication apparatuses identified from the communication history, the authenticating including:
calculating a global trust degree (T j ) of the requester apparatus as a weighted average of the one or more evaluations of the requester apparatus;
calculating a relative trust degree (NBRT ij ) based on the global trust degree (T j ) and a similarity of the apparatus and the requester apparatus; and
comparing the relative trust degree to a predetermined threshold; and providing the service to the requester apparatus based on the authentication.
8. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 , further comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit to the one or more other communication apparatuses a request for evaluation of the requester apparatus; and
a receiver configured to receive from the one or more other communication apparatuses an evaluation of the requester apparatus in response to the request for evaluation.
9. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 , wherein the relative trust degree (NBRT ij ) is based on the equation:
NBRT
ij
=
{
0
(
T
j
<=
0
)
sim
(
i
,
j
)
×
T
j
(
T
j
>
0
)
wherein
sim (i,j) is the similarity of the apparatus and the requester apparatus.
10. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 , wherein the operations further comprise calculating the similarity of the apparatus and the requester apparatus based on the equation:
sim
(
i
,
j
)
=
∑
c
∈
I
ij
(
T
ic
-
R
_
i
)
(
T
jc
-
R
_
j
)
∑
c
∈
I
ij
(
T
ic
-
R
_
i
)
2
∑
c
∈
I
ij
(
T
jc
-
R
_
j
)
2
wherein I ij is a set of common apparatuses that are present both in a communication history of the apparatus and the communication history of the requester apparatus,
T ic is a trust evaluation of apparatus c by the apparatus,
T jc is a trust evaluation of apparatus c by the requester apparatus,
R i is normalized average evaluation given by the apparatus to other apparatuses in the communication history of the apparatus, and
R j is a normalized average trust evaluation given by the requester apparatus to apparatuses in the communication history of the requester apparatus.
11. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 , wherein the operations further comprise:
generating a service request;
adding to the service request a communication history of the apparatus; and
directing transmission of the service request to an authentication module of another apparatus.
12. The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein the operations further comprise:
receiving a requested service from the another apparatus and evaluating the another apparatus based on receiving the requested service.
13. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 , wherein the operations further comprise:
receiving, from an authentication requester apparatus, a request for a communication history between the apparatus and another apparatus;
calculating a trust metric of the another apparatus based on the communication history between the apparatus and the another apparatus; and
transmitting, to the authentication requester apparatus, the communication history between the apparatus and the another apparatus including the trust metric.
14. The apparatus as recited in claim 13 , wherein:
the trust metric (T ij ) is calculated based on the equation T ij =TS ij +TF ij , where
TS ij =S ij /( S ij +F ij )
TF ij =(−1)× F ij /( S ij +F ij ),
S ij is a count of successful communications between the apparatus and the another apparatus, and
F ij is a count of failed communications between the apparatus and the another apparatus.