Medium-chain length fatty acids, glycerides and analogues as neutrophil survival and activation factors
A composition and method for promoting neutrophil survival and activation such as the treatment of neutropenia arising as an undesirable side effect of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. A composition containing medium-chain fatty acids, such as Capri acid or caprylic acid, or salts or triglycerides thereof, or mono- or diglycerides or other analogues thereof or medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) is administered to a human or animal needing treatment in an amount sufficient to reduce or eliminate neutropenia. The composition is administered in an amount effective to treat the disorder. The methods are also useful in the management of bone narrow transplantation and in the treatment of various neutropenic diseases.
1. A method of stimulating hematopoiesis in a patient in need of such stimulation, said method comprising administering to the patient a pharmacologically effective amount of a composition comprising one or more compounds described by formula I
wherein
Y=O or NH;
R 1 is a C 7 or C 9 alkyl; and
A and B are independently hydrogen or R 1 C(O); and wherein said patient undergoes bone marrow transplantation or has a condition selected from neutropenia or myelosuppression arising from chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
2. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is myelosuppression arising from chemotherapy.
3. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is myelosuppression arising from radiotherapy.
4. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is chronic neutropenia.
5. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is transient neutropenia.
6. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is neutropenia arising from a hematologic disease.
7. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is drug-induced neutropenia.
8. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is neutropenia arising from a nutritional deficiency.
9. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is neutropenia arising from infection.
10. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the condition is neutropenia arising from radiotherapy.
11. The method, according to claim 1 , for the treatment of a patient undergoing bone marrow transplantation.
12. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula I is caprylic acid triglyceride.
13. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula I is capric acid triglyceride.
14. The method, according to claim 1 , which comprises administering to the patient a mixture of two compounds, wherein A and B are R 1 C(O) and R 1 is C 7 and C 9 alkyl, respectively.
15. The method, according to claim 14 , wherein R 1 is CH 3 (CH 2 ) 6 — and CH 3 (CH 2 ) 8 —, respectively.
16. The method, according to claim 1 , which comprises administering four geometric isomers of C 8 and C 10 fatty acid triglycerides described by the following formula:
17. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the patient is undergoing separate or simultaneous administration of a human colony-stimulating factor.
18. The method, according to claim 17 , wherein the colony-stimulating factor is Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
19. The method, according to claim 1 , wherein the patient is undergoing simultaneous administration of a human cytokine.
20. The method, according to claim 19 , wherein the cytokine is interleukin 2 or interleukin 15.